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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a definition of a group?
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an aggregate of people that share a common purpaose and interact and work together.
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What are factors that distinguish a group such as
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identifable leadership, members, and a meetng space and time. Other characteristics include: dynamic interaction among members, always a common goal, proper relationship b/w size and function, dependence on volition and consent, and thier capacity for self determination.
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What type of things should we consider when looking at group structure?
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1. How much or how little structure is present.
2. How much structure is required for the group to function 3. Don't work harder than the members 4. Determine if the group structure meets the needs and purpose of the members. |
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What are the 5 things group structure is influenced by?
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1. Historical context and climate
2. composition of memberships (open or closed) 3. The group purpose and golas 4. Leadership and member interaction. 5. Group norms and size |
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What are the areas we look for in human interaction?
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Content-What you want to accomplish, what is said and done.
Process- what happens b/w group members when the group is working together (tone and morale of the group) |
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What is defined as the forces that influence the interrelationships of the members and ultimately affect group outcome.
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Group Dynamics
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Wwat are the result of teh members dividing the work of the group amoung themselves. Some can help the group accomplish the task while others interfere with group function.
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Roles- it is important for a therapist to recognize roles and help change them if they are detremential to the group.
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defined as a behavior pattern of structured way of behavng within the group. Group roles tend to remain stable regardless of who is in them.
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group roles
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roles that help a group get its work done
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group task roles
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supportive roles that keep the group functioning together
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group building and maintanence roles
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this indicates the use of the group to serve one's own needs.
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individual roles
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what can a high level of individual behaviors indicate?
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1. inadequate group skills
2. low level of group maturity 3. low discipline/morale |
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what are the ground rules of the group?
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norms
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what are the two basic kinds of norms
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explicit- clear, talked about
implicit- hidden-sometimes don't find out until you make a mistake. |
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Do norms develop in all groups
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yes
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how and why do norms change within a group?
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1. as the group develops or as members come and go.
2. with client populations and with different theories/frames of reference. 3. change can occur as the group moves through stages of development. |
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Who is usually responsible for establishing ground rules?
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the leader and once they are established they are difficult to change
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what are two ways a therapist can influence norms?
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1. as a technical expert- relying on experience and knowledge to introduce norms and the reasons for them.
2. role models |
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what are some therapeutic norms to strive for include:
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1. self-reflection of the group
2. encouraging self-disclosure 3. encouraging free interaction among members 4. reinforcing the importance of the group. 5. regarding members as agents of change and setting an atmosphere of safety and support. |
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What are the 10 things to look for in group dynamics
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1. participation
2. influence 3. styles of leadership 4. decision making procedures 5. tasks function 6. maintenance function 7. group atmosphere 8. membership 9. feelings 10. norms |
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What does participation cover
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verbal involvement.
who keeps the ball rolling, who are the silent members, who is a high or low participant, are there shifts in participation |
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What does influence cover
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totally separate from participation. looks at competition between members and high and low influence.
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What does styles of leadership cover?
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leadership can be positive or negative.
Autocratic- member trying to impose their values and pass judgement. Peacemaker- avoid conflict at all cost Laissez Faire- laid back type of person. get attention by lack of involvement. always go along with the group |
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What does decision making prodedures cover?
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Does one person make decisions, does group pass from topic to topic, is there a handclasp or a plop?
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What do tasks functions cover
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roles of function that concentrate on getting the job done.
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What do maintenance functions consist of ?
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keeping the group motivated
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What does group atmosphere cover?
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work, play, both. is there tension
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What does membership cover?
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does everyone feel they belong?
is there a subgroup? are there people outside of the group? |
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What do feelings cover?
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often people are afraid to talk about feelings. watch for nonverbal signs
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what does norms cover?
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are members overly nice and polite?
are there subjects that can't be approached implicit norms. |
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How do individual roles tend to affect groups?
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they interfere.
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What are the 6 client problem behaviors
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1. the monopolist
2. the silent member attention-getting behavior 3. the self-depreciator 4. the help-rejecting complainer 5. the narcissistic member 6. psychotic client behavior |
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How does the monopolist affect the group?
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tries to control the group and tries to maintin the group leaders attention. A lot of things the person is doing is for their own hurt feelings.
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How does the silent member affect the group?
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may go unnoticed for session or two, but eventually others pick up on it. Resentment can build up against the silent member.
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How does the self-depreciator affect the group?
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attention-seeking behavior and hear clent's stories over and over.
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How does the help-rejecting complainer affect the group?
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rejects help even though they ask for help
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How does the narcissistic member affect the group?
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demands the undivided and constant attention of the group. Loves themself.
high de[endency on acceptance of others |
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how does psychotic client behavior affect the group?
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it doesn't benefit from group intervention
often removed from group until controlled If group is an activity it can be good for them can be hard to identify |
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What are the 12 group task roles?
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1. initiator-contributor
2. information seeker 3. opinion seeker 4. the information giver 5. opinion giver 6. elaborator 7. coordinator 8. orienter 9. evaluator-critic 10. energizer 11. procedural technician 12. recorder |
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What type of group task role suggests or proposes new ideas or new ways of viewing the
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initiator-contributor
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What type of group task role asks for classification of suggestions made and for authorization information and facts pertinent to the problem being discussed.
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information seeker
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What type of group task role is less concerned the facts and looks for clarification of the values pertinent to what the group is doing
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opinion seeker
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what type of group tasks role offers facts or generalizations that are authoritative or relates his or her experiences to the group problem.
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information giver
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this type of group task role states a belief or opinion related to a suggestion made or to an alternative suggestion
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opinion giver
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this type of group task role makes a suggestions in terms of examples and offers a rationale for suggestions made previously
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elaborator
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this type of group task role clarifies the relationships among various ideas and suggestions, tries to pull ideas together, or tries to coordinate the activities of various members or subgroups
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coordinator
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this type of group task role defines the position of the group with respect to its goals
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orienter
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this type of group task role subjects teh accomplishments of the group to standards of group functioning within the context of the group task
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evaluator-critic
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this type of group tasks role prods the group into action or decision making and attempts to stimulate the group to a "greater" or "better" activity
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energizer
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this type of group task role facilitates group mvmt by doing things for the group
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procedural technician
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this type of group task role makes a record of group suggestions and decisions by writing down or recalling for the group the products of discussion.
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recorder.
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What are the group building and maintenance roles?
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1. the encourager
2. the harmonizer 3. the compromiser 4. the gatekeeper or expediter 5. the standard setter or ego ideal 6. group observer or commentator 7. the follower |
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.What maintenance/building role praises, agrees with, and accepts the contributions of others. Through these attitudes, he or she indicates warmth and solidarity toward the other group members.
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the encourager
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what type of buildiing/maintainence role mediates differencers between members, attempts to reconcile disagreements and relives tension in conflict situations?
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the harmonizer
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what type of building/maintenance role operates from within a conflict in which his or her ideas or positions are involved. They may be willing to give up power, admit error, or agree with group by altering their opinion.
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the compromiser
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what type of building/maintainence role attempts to keep communication channels open by encouraging and facilitating the participation of other group members or by regulating the flow of communication in the group
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the gatekeeper/expediter
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what type of building/maintainence role expresses standards for the group to achieve in its functioning or applies norms in evaluating the quality of the group process.
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the standard setter or ego ideal
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what type of builder/maintainence role keeps records of group process and helps the group to evaluate its own procedures by presenting feedback.
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the group observer or commentator
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what type of building/maintainence role goes along with the sense of the group, serving as an audience for group discussion
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the follower
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what are the individual roles?
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1. aggressor
2. blocker 3. recognition seeker 4. self-confessor 5. playboy 6. dominator 7. help seeker 8. special interest pleader |
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what type of individual role lowers the status o fthe others, disapproves of the values, acts, and feelings of others, and attacks the whole group or an issue on which the group is working/
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the aggressor
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what type of individual role tends to be negative, stubborn, disagreeing and oppositional beyond reason
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the blocker
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what type of individual role tends to work in various ways to draw attention to himself or herself
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recognition seeker
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what type of individual role uses the audience that the group provides to express personal, non-group-oriented communications
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self-confessor
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what type of individual role displays a lack of involvement in the group's processes.
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the playboy
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what type of individual role tries to assert personal authority or superiority by manipulating the whole group or selected members of the group. this may be in the form of flattery, asserting a superior status, or interrupting the contributions of others
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dominator
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what type of individual role tries to elicit expressions of sympathy from the group through unreasonable expressions of insecurity or self-depreciation
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the help seeker
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what type of individual role speaks for special interest gropus, usually as a mask for his or her prejudices and biases
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the special interest pleader
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