Gross Anatomy Posterior Cervical Triangle

Front 1

What is the skeletal landmark associated with the posterior triangle?

Back 1

transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae

Front 2

What are the boundaries of the posterior cervical triangle?

Back 2

trapezius m.
sternocleidomastoid m.
middle third of the clavicle

Front 3

What are the boundaries of the anterior cervical triangle?

Back 3

midline of the neck
sternocleidomastoid m.
inferior border of the mandible

Front 4

What are the skeletal (and other) landmarks of the anterior cervical triangle?

Back 4

hyoid bone
thyroid cartilage
cricoid cartilage
rings of the trachea
thyroid gland

Front 5

What is the vertebral layer of the hyoid bone?

Back 5

C3

Front 6

At what vertebral level does the common carotid artery bifurcate?

Back 6

disk between C3 and C4

Front 7

What is the vertebral level of the thyroid cartilage?

Back 7

C4-C5

Front 8

What structures are located around C6?

Back 8

cricoid cartilage
beginning of esophagus and trachea
vertebral artery enters transverse foramen

Front 9

What structures are associated with C7?

Back 9

isthmus of the thyroid gland
highest point of the thoracic duct

Front 10

What is the platysma muscle contained within?

Back 10

superficial fascia

Front 11

what is the origin and insertion of the platysma m.?

Back 11

origin: fascia covering pec. major

insertion: perioral musculature associated with lower lip and margin of mandible

Front 12

What nerve innervates the platysma muscle?

Back 12

cervical branch of the facial n.

Front 13

What are the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus (ventral primary rami C1-C4) associated with the posterior cervical triangle? What fibers are in these nerves?

Back 13

1. transverse cervical
2. supraclavicular n.
3. lesser occipital n.
4. greater auricular n.

-afferent and postganglionic sympathetic fibers

Front 14

What are the superficial veins associated with the posterior cervical triangle?

Back 14

external jugular vein
anterior jugular vein
common facial vein

Front 15

The union of which two veins forms the external jugular vein?

Back 15

posterior retromandibular vein
posterior auricular vein

Front 16

What forms the retromandibular vein?

Back 16

superficial temporal vein
maxillary vein

Front 17

The posterior division of the retromandibular vein joins with _____________________ to form the external jugular vein.

Back 17

posterior auricular vein

Front 18

The anterior division of the retromandibular vein and the facial vein combine to form the ____________ which drains into the ____________ ___________.

Back 18

common facial; internal jugular

Front 19

What does the anterior jugular vein drain into?

Back 19

external jugular vein

Front 20

What are the two subsidary triangles within the posterior cervical triangle and what forms them?

Back 20

supraclavicular triangle and occipital triangle divided by the inferior belly of the omohyoid m.

Front 21

The transverse cervical artery is a branch off of __________________ ______ of __________ artery.

Back 21

thyrocervical trunk; subclavian artery

Front 22

What two branches does the transverse cervical artery split into?

Back 22

Deep and Superficial

Front 23

The brachial plexus is composed of _________ __________ rami of the cervical nerves ___ to ___ and ___.

Back 23

ventral primary rami; C5 to C8 and T1

Front 24

What are the branches off of the brachial plexus in the posterior cervical triangle?

Back 24

1.long thoracic n. (roots of C5, C6, C7)
2.dorsal scapular n. (roots of C5; pierces middle scalene m)
3. suprascapular n.