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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Lateral ventricles (=ventricles I and II) have what?
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anterior, posterior and temporal horns
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PAT's House
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What are located in the horns of the lateral ventricles?
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choroid plexus,clusters of capillaries pia mater and a layer of ependymal cells
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PECC
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choroid plexus does what?
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It is a CSF-secreting tissue
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Septum pellucidum does what?
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it separates the latral ventricles and it is under the corpus callosum
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What happens when there is continuous secetion of CSF?
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leads to a buildup of hydrostatic pressure within the closed space of the ventricles, flowing from the lateral ventricles, through the Foramen of Monro into the third ventricle
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Posteriorly the third ventricle is continuous with what?
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the cerebral aqueduct (acqueduct of Sylvius).
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The aqueduct in turn is continuous with ?
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the fourth ventricle of the pons and medulla.
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The fourth ventricle is continuous with
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the microscopically tiny central canal of the caudal medulla and the spinal cord
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What is the role of CSF? and where does it finally enter into?
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It bathes the surface of the brain in the subarachnoid space, and finally enters into the blood of the dural sinuses, site of lowest pressure in the system.
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THE 6 DIVISIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM?
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Telencephalon
Diencephalon Mesencephalon Metencephalon Myelencephalon Spinal Cord |
3 Men Taught Determined Students
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role of arachnoid granulations?
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they are small whittish processes that are enlarged villi of the arachnoid membrane and they let the CSF move to the superior saggital sinus
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4th ventricle is enclosed by what?
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cerebellum and pons
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What is the TECTUM?
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The roof of the midbrain that occurs as the brainstem exits the foramen magnum
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The brainstem includes?
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The diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon and myelencephalon).
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Mesencephalon is important for?
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Reflex functions
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The myelencephalon (=medulla) is critical for
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Breathing.
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The ventral surface of the CNS, with both hemispheres shows what?
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The olfactory and important portions of the visual system and the cranial nerves (lateral view too)
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What are the most prominent identifying feature of the midbrain?
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The four little mounds(colliculi) of the midbrain that are visible on the medial, lateral and dorsal views.
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What are sulci(singular, sulcus)?
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The grooves that are deep infoldings and they are seen with the Telencephalon
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What are called gyri(singular, gyrus)?
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The exposed folds, which consist of millions of nerve cell bodies and are seen with the telencephalon
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What is the corpus callosum?
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The major axonal connections between the lobes of the two hemispheres
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What is the internal capsule?
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It is between the brainstem and the telencephalon
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What are the inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi ?
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They are between the lobes of a single hemisphere and they are U-fibers and long association bundles
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What is the basal ganglia?
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They are the subcortical nuclei of gray matter within the telencephalon
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What are three structures if the basal ganglia?
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Caudate nucleus
Putamen Globus pallidus |
PG County
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What is the cerebral cortex?
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The surface layer of gray matter of the cerebrum that fxns in coordination of motor and sensory info.
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The cues that tell you a slice is in the parasaggital plane?
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The temporal lobe at the bottom pointing anteriorly and forming the floor of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle; the frontal and occipital pole; a central core of the structures of the diencephalon; and the subcortical structures of the telencephalon, and everything surrounded by rim of cortex with gyri and sulci.
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Role of the internal capsule in the parasaggital plane?
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The internal capsule separates the caudate nucleus from the putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus.
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Due to histological structure,difference btw the hippocampus and amygdala classification?
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hippocampus is classified as cortex (a primitive kind) while the amygdala is a subcortical structure.
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What are the 5 lobes of the TELENCEPHALON?
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Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe, Temporal lobe, and Limbic lobe
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Love Fresh POT
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Name 4 structures in the Frontal Lobe
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1.Central Sulcus
2.Precentral Gyrus 3. Superior, Middle and Inferior Frontal Gyri 4. Broca’s Speech Area |
Perfect CSF
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2 Structures in Parietal Lobe
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Postcentral Gyrus
Wernicke’s Speech Area |
P-Wee
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2 structures in Occipital Lobe
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Calcarine Sulcus
Primary Visual Cortex |
PC
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4 structures Temporal Lobe
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1. Lateral (Sylvian) Fissure
2. Superior Temporal Sulcus 3. Superior Temporal Gyrus 4. Middle and Inferior Temporal Gyri |
MLS Sickness
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3 Structures of Limbic Lobe
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Cingulate Gyrus
Parahippocampal Gyrus Uncus |
CUP
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Role of the lateral fissure?
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It separates the temporal lobe ventrally from the more dorsal frontal and parietal lobes.
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What is the deep central sulcus?
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It is the boundary between frontal and parietal lobes.
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What is often used as a marker between occipital and temporal lobes?
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The preoccipital notch
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Broca’s area is used for?
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It is important in the production of written and spoken language.
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What is Broca's aphasia?
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inability to speak or to organize the muscular movements of speech
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What is Wernicke's area?
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it is located in the posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus and it plays a role in the comphrension of language
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The brainstem is subdivided into?
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1. The midbrain, which is continuous with the diencephalon;
2. The pons; 3. And the medulla, which is continuous with the spinal cord. |
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Describe the limbic lobe
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it is a "C" shaped structure of the medial hemispheric surface that sorrounds the core of the brain
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Describe the cingulate gyrus
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lies directly above the corpus callosum
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4 STRUCTURES OF THE DIENCEPHALON?
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1. Thalamus
2. Hypothalamus, Including Mamillary Bodies 3. Cranial Nerve II: Optic Nerve, Chiasm and Tract 4. Third Ventricle |
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5 STRUCTURES OF THE MESENCEPHALON (=MIDBRAIN)
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1. Tectum
Superior Colliculus Inferior Colliculus 2. Tegmentum 3. Cerebral Peduncles 4. Cranial Nerves III and IV 5. Cerebral Aqueduct (=Aqueduct of Sylvius) |
Messy C i T y
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What is the significance of substantia Nigra?
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it is a layer of deeply pigmented gray matter in the midbrain that has cell bodies of a tract of dopamine proucing nerve cells and its secretions are deficient in Parkinson's disease.
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3 STRUCTURES OF THE METENCEPHALON
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STRUCTURES OF THE METENCEPHALON
1. Pons 2. Cerebellum 3. Cranial Nerves V, VI, VII |
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Where is the location of the cerebellum?
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it is over the 4th ventricle
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4 STRUCTURES OF THE MYELENCEPHALON (=MEDULLA)
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1. Fourth Ventricle
2. Pyramidal Tracts (aka pyramids) 3. Inferior Olive 4. Cranial Nerves VIII, IX, X and XII |
Funny PIC (My laughter is due to)
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Fasciculus Cuneatus?
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either of a pair of nerve tracts of the spinal cord that carry nerve fibers from the upper parts of the body
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Fasciculus Gracilis?
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either of a pair of nerve tracts of the spinal cord that carry nerve fibers from the lower parts of the body
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