Gross Anatomy Lecture 25

Front 1

"neruoaxis" - refers to what?

Back 1

full craniocaudal extent of the central nervous system

Front 2

neraxis - how many parts? name them in order

Back 2

6
-cerebral hemispheres
-diencephalon
-midbrain
-pons
-medulla
-spinal cord

Front 3

cerebral hemispheres - what CN are located here?

Back 3

CN1

Front 4

deincephalon - what CN are located here?

Back 4

CN2

Front 5

Midbrain - what CN are located here?

Back 5

CN3 & CN4

Front 6

pons - what CN are located here?

Back 6

CN5 - CN7

Front 7

medulla - what CN are located here?

Back 7

CN8 - CN12

Front 8

spinal cord - what nerves are located here?

Back 8

spinal nerves

Front 9

CN1 - name?

Back 9

Olfactory N

Front 10

CN1/olfactory n - passes though?

Back 10

cribiform plate (ethmoid)

Front 11

CN1/olfactory n - function

Back 11

olfaction
-sense of smell

Front 12

CN1/olfactory n - damage to results in?

Back 12

anosmia (loss of ability to smell)

Front 13

CN2 - name?

Back 13

optic n

Front 14

CN2/optic n - passes from ____ posteriorly through ____, exiting through ______.

Back 14

-retina
-orbit
-optic canal

Front 15

CN2/optin n - an important reorientation of fibers occurs at what?

Back 15

optic chiasma

Front 16

optic tracts - function

Back 16

sight toward the contralateral side in each eye

Front 17

CN2/optic n - function

Back 17

vision

Front 18

CN2/optic n - damage to results in?

Back 18

anopsias (visual field defects)

Front 19

CN3 - name?

Back 19

oculomotor n

Front 20

CN3/oculomotor n - passes through _____ and then into the ____ via the ______.

Back 20

-cavernous sinus
-orbit
-superior orbital fissure

Front 21

CN3/oculomotor n - motor function

Back 21

-most of extraoccular mm
-levator palpebrae

Front 22

CN3/oculomotor n - parasympathetic function

Back 22

-contrictor pupillae (constricts pupils)

Front 23

CN3/oculomotor n - damage to results in?

Back 23

-strabismus (deviation of gaze)
-diplopia (double vision)
-ptosis (droopiness)
-pupillary dilation

Front 24

CN4 - name?

Back 24

trochlear n

Front 25

CN4/trochlear n - what is special about it?

Back 25

only nerve to exit dorsal aspect of the brainstem

Front 26

CN4/trochlear n - passes through?

Back 26

superior orbital fissue

Front 27

CN4/trochlear n - innervates?

Back 27

superior oblique m.

Front 28

CN4/trochlear n - function

Back 28

turns gaze down and out

Front 29

CN4/trochlear n - damage to results in?

Back 29

-strabismus (lazy eye)
-diplopia (double vision)

Front 30

CN6 - name?

Back 30

abducens n

Front 31

CN6/abducens n - passes through what, to enter the what?

Back 31

superior orbital fissure
-to enter the orbit

Front 32

CN6/abducens n - innervates?

Back 32

lateral rectus m

Front 33

CN6/abducens n - damage to results in?

Back 33

-diplopia (double vision)
-medial strabismus (lazy eye)

Front 34

CN5 - name?

Back 34

trigeminal n

Front 35

CN5/trigeminal n - branches?

Back 35

-CN5I: opthamalic division
-CN5II: maxillary division
-CN5III: mandibular division

Front 36

CN5/trigeminal n - function?

Back 36

-general somatic sensation
-mm of mastication (mandibular division)

Front 37

CN5I/opthamalic division - passes through? exits through?

Back 37

-superior orbital fissure into orbit
-exits through supraorbital notch/foramen

Front 38

CN5I/opthamalic division - innervates?

Back 38

skin on forehead

Front 39

CN5II/maxillary division - passes through?

Back 39

-foramen rotundum
-inferior orbital fissure

Front 40

CN5II/maxillary division - innervates?

Back 40

-upper teeth
-skin over maxilla bone

Front 41

CN5II/maxillary division - what branch comes off?

Back 41

infraorbital n.

Front 42

CN5III/mandibular division - goes through?

Back 42

foramen ovale

Front 43

CN5III/mandibular division - innervates?

Back 43

-mm of mastication
-skin of lower jaw
-teeth of lower jaw

Front 44

CN5III/mandibular division - what branches come off?

Back 44

-lingual n
-buccal n
-inferior aveolar n

Front 45

inferior aveolar n becomes _____ after it passes through _____.

Back 45

-mental n.
-mental foramen

Front 46

CN5I - name?

Back 46

opthamalic division

Front 47

CN5II - name?

Back 47

maxillary division

Front 48

CN5III - name?

Back 48

mandibular division

Front 49

CN5/trigeminal n - damage to results in?

Back 49

-ipsilateral sensory disturbances
-weakness in the muscles of mastication
-weakness in tensors tympani
-weakness in palati

Front 50

CN7 - name?

Back 50

Facial n

Front 51

CN7/facial n - passes through?

Back 51

internal auditory meatus

Front 52

CN7/facial n - branches?

Back 52

chorda tympani
(along with TZBMC)

Front 53

CN7/facial n - function?

Back 53

taste for anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Front 54

CN7/facial n - exits skull through?

Back 54

stylomastoid foramen

Front 55

CN7/facial n - innervates

Back 55

-mm of facial expression
-buccinator
-posterior digastric

Front 56

CN7/facial n - damage to results in?

Back 56

Bell's Palsy
-weakness of muscles of facial expression
-loss of taste in anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Front 57

chorda tympani - function

Back 57

taste in anterior 2/3rds of tongue (branch of facial n)

Front 58

CN8 - name?

Back 58

vestibulocochlear n

Front 59

CN8/vestibulocochlear n - passes through?

Back 59

internal auditory meatus

Front 60

CN8/vestibulocochlear n - function

Back 60

-balenece/equilibrium
-hearing

Front 61

CN8/vestibulocochlear n - branches?

Back 61

-vestibular n
-cochlear n

Front 62

CN8/vestibulocochlear n - damage to vestibular n?

Back 62

-nausea
-nystagmus (involentary movement of eyeballs)
-disequilibrium

Front 63

CN8/vestibulocochlear n - damage to cochlear n?

Back 63

ipsilateral hearing defects

Front 64

CN9 - name?

Back 64

glossopharyngeal n

Front 65

CN9/glossopharyngeal - passes through?

Back 65

jugular foramen

Front 66

CN9/glossopharyngeal - function

Back 66

-taste AND sensation of posterior 1/3 of tongue
- sensation at pharyngeal wall and soft palate
-afferent for carotid sinus and body

Front 67

CN9/glossopharyngeal - innervates?

Back 67

-stylopharyngeus m
-parotid gland
-tongue
-pharyngeal wall/soft palate
-carotid sinus/body

Front 68

CN10 - name?

Back 68

Vagus n

Front 69

CN10 - vagus n - passes through?

Back 69

jugular foramen

Front 70

CN10/vagus n - parasympathetic functions

Back 70

-smooth muscles
-glands of splenic flexure of GI tract
-inhibits heart

Front 71

CN10/vagus n - motor functions

Back 71

-all skeletal mm of larynx and pharynx (EXCEPT stylopharyngeus)
-all mm of the palate (NOT tensor veli palatini)

Front 72

CN10/vagus n - sensory and afferent functions

Back 72

muscous membranes of:
-lower pharynx
-larynx
-trachea
-bronchi
-lungs
-esophagus
-stomach
-splenic flexure
-liver
-gall bladder
-pancreas
afferent from aortic arch and body

Front 73

CN11 - name?

Back 73

Spinal accessory n

Front 74

CN11/spinal accessory n - passes though?

Back 74

foramen magnum

Front 75

CN11/spinal accessory n - exits?

Back 75

jugular foramen

Front 76

CN11/spinal accessory n - innervates?

Back 76

-trapezius
-sternocleidomastoid
-laryngeal mm

Front 77

CN11/spinal accessory n - function?

Back 77

accessory to vagus n

Front 78

CN12 - name?

Back 78

hypoglossal n

Front 79

CN12/hypoglossal n - passes through?

Back 79

hypoglossal canal

Front 80

CN12/hypoglossal n - innervates?

Back 80

-intrinsic mm of tongue
-external mm of tongue
(genioglossus, hypoglossus, styloglossus)
NOT palatoglossus

Front 81

CNs - parasympathetic divisions of ANS

Back 81

CN3
CN7
CN9
CN10

Front 82

CNs - "special senses"

Back 82

CN1
CN2
CN7
CN8
CN9
CN10

Front 83

CNs - supply ONLY skeletal mm

Back 83

CN4
CN6
CN11
CN12
(CN3 has parasympathetic)

Front 84

CNs - ONLY sensory

Back 84

CN1
CN2
CN8
(rest supply skeletal mm)

Front 85

CNs - both sensory and motor

Back 85

CN5
CN7
CN9
CN10