Gross Anatomy Lecture 23

Front 1

what does the SCM divide?

Back 1

neck into anterior and posterior cervical triangles

Front 2

what are the boundaries of the anterior cervical triangle?

Back 2

-anterior border of SCM
-lower border of mandible
-midline of neck

Front 3

what triangles are above the hyoid?

Back 3

-submental triangle
-submandibular triangle

Front 4

what triangles are below the hyoid?

Back 4

-cartoid triangle
-muscular triangle

Front 5

what level is the hyoid bone?

Back 5

C3

Front 6

where can the thyroid cartilage and laryngeal prominence be palpated?

Back 6

inferior to hyoid

Front 7

what level is the cricoid cartilage?

Back 7

C6

Front 8

where does the thyrohyoid membrange span?

Back 8

between hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage

Front 9

where does the cricothyroid membrange/ligament span?

Back 9

between the cricoid and thyroid cartilage

Front 10

what is the location of a breathing tube insertion, and what is it called?

Back 10

-cricothyroid membrange
-cricothyroidotomy

Front 11

the cricothyroid membrange lies inferior to:

Back 11

the larynx

Front 12

the root of the neck is bounded by what, and what are considered to be the "thoracic inlet?"

Back 12

-1st thoracic vertebra
-1st ribs
-costal cartilage of 1st ribs
-manubrium
(first 3 are thoracic inlet)

Front 13

where does platysma m. extend?

Back 13

over front and side of neck

Front 14

what are the superficial structures of the neck?

Back 14

-platysma
-anterior jugular vv
-SCM
-infrahyoid muscles
-cricothyroid m.

Front 15

what does the anterior jugular vv drain, and what do they meet to form?

Back 15

-drain the suprahyoid region
-meet to form the venus arch across midline

Front 16

what do the anterior jugluar vv eventually drain into?

Back 16

external jugular vv

Front 17

SCM - innervation?

Back 17

-spinal accessory nerve
-ventral rami C2 and C3

Front 18

what mm are in the superficial layer of the infrahyoid mm?

Back 18

-sternohyoid
-omohyoid

Front 19

what mm are in the deep layer of the infrahyoid mm?

Back 19

-sternothyroid
-thyrohyoid

Front 20

infrahyoid mm - innervation?

Back 20

ventral rami C1-C3
-thyrohyoid is just innervated by C1

Front 21

what is ansa vervialis made up of, and what is it?

Back 21

ventral rami C1-C3
-an arch of nerves

Front 22

cricothyroid m. - innervation?

Back 22

external laryngeal n.

Front 23

deep structures of the neck?

Back 23

-thyroid gland
-parathyroid glands
-trachea
-esophagus

Front 24

what kind of gland is the thyroid gland?

Back 24

endocrine gland

Front 25

what are the L. and R. lobes of the thyroid gland connected by?

Back 25

isthmus

Front 26

why is it difficult to palpate the thyroid gland?

Back 26

-infrahyoid mm overlie it

Front 27

what is a goiter?

Back 27

an enlarged thyroid

Front 28

what kind of expansion does a goiter have, and why?

Back 28

inferior expansion
-sternothyroid m. attachment limits upward expansion

Front 29

what may a goiter do to the trachea?

Back 29

encroach on the trachea

Front 30

thyroid gland - blood supply?

Back 30

rich blood supply
-superior thyroid a.
-inferior thyroid a.

Front 31

what is the superior thyroid a. a branch of?

Back 31

external carotid a.

Front 32

what is the inferior thyroid a. a branch of?

Back 32

thyrocervical trunk

Front 33

external laryngeal n. - innervates?

Back 33

cricothyroid m.

Front 34

external laryngeal n. - accompanies?

Back 34

superior thyroid a.

Front 35

recurrent laryngeal n. - innervates?

Back 35

vocal cords

Front 36

recurrent laryngeal n. - travels close to?

Back 36

inferior thyroid a.

Front 37

right recurrent laryngeal n. - loops around?

Back 37

subclavian a.

Front 38

left recurrent laryngeal n. - loops around?

Back 38

aortic arch

Front 39

parathyroid glands - how many?

Back 39

2-6

Front 40

parathyroid glands - function?

Back 40

calcium metabolism

Front 41

parathyroid glands - location?

Back 41

posterior surface of thyroid gland

Front 42

esophagus - location?

Back 42

between trachea and vertebral bodies

Front 43

esophagus - begins at what level / where?

Back 43

-C6
-inferior border of cricoid cartilage

Front 44

deeper, lateral structures of neck?

Back 44

-subclavian aa.
-thyroid duct
-cupola

Front 45

most branches come off of what part of the subclavian a?

Back 45

1st part

Front 46

subclavian a - 1st decending branch?

Back 46

internal thoracic a

Front 47

what does internal thoracic a. lie close to?

Back 47

phrenic n. (at root of neck)

Front 48

vertebral a - what kind of branch?

Back 48

ascending

Front 49

vertebral a - passes through?

Back 49

transverse foramen of first 6 vertebrae, then foramen magnum

Front 50

thyrocervical trunk - branches?

Back 50

-inferior thyroid a
-transverse cervical a.
-suprascapular a

Front 51

subclavian aa - what branch suplies intercostal spaces and prevertebral mm?

Back 51

costocervial trunk

Front 52

largest lymph vessel in body?

Back 52

thoracic duct

Front 53

thoracic duct - path?

Back 53

-ascends to root of neck
-passes posterior to L. carotid sheath
-enters L. brachiocephalic a. at junction of internal jugular v and subclavian vv

Front 54

cupola - continuation of?

Back 54

-costal pleura
-mediastinal pleura

Front 55

cupola - anterior?

Back 55

-subclavian vessels
-anterior scalene
-phrenic n

Front 56

carotid sheath - contents?

Back 56

-internal jugular v
-vagus n
-common carotid a

Front 57

internal jugular v - path?

Back 57

-begins at base of skull
-decends within LATERAL part of sheath to base of neck

Front 58

internal jugular v - joins what, to form what?

Back 58

joints subclavian v. to form brachicephalic v.

Front 59

vagus n - what does that branch into, and what does that brach into?

Back 59

vagus n -> superior laryngeal n -> internal and external laryngeal nn

Front 60

internal laryngeal n - supplies?

Back 60

sensory to vocal cords

Front 61

external laryngeal n - innervates?

Back 61

-cricothyroid m
-inferior constrictor

Front 62

common carotid a - lies where in the carotid sheath?

Back 62

medially

Front 63

common carotid a - at what level does it split, and what does it split into?

Back 63

-C4 level
-internal and external carotid aa

Front 64

common carotid a - lessen bleeding?

Back 64

pressing against anterior tuberacle of transverse process of C6 (carotid sheath)

Front 65

carotid sinus - what is it?

Back 65

dialated initial part of internal carotid a.
(pressure receptor)

Front 66

carotid body - location?

Back 66

carotid bifurcation

Front 67

external carotid a - 4 important branches?

Back 67

-superior thyroid a
-lingual a
-facial a
-occipital a

Front 68

lingual a - supplies?

Back 68

tongue

Front 69

facial a - supplies?

Back 69

parts of face

Front 70

occipital a - branches off of?

Back 70

facial a.

Front 71

occipital a - supplies?

Back 71

tissue in occipital region

Front 72

hypoglossal n - relationship to carotid aa?

Back 72

crosses them at same place where facial a. and lingual a. branch

Front 73

ganglia of sympathetic/prevertebral trunk

Back 73

-superior cervical ganglion
-middle cervical ganglion
-inferior cervical ganglion
-stellate ganglion

Front 74

superior cervical ganglion - levels?

Back 74

C2&C3

Front 75

middle cervical ganglion - location?

Back 75

-opposite cricoid cartilage
-just superior to carotid tuberacle / C6

Front 76

inferior cervical ganglion - level?

Back 76

level of 1st rib

Front 77

stellate ganglion - what is it?

Back 77

fusion of inferior cervical ganglion and 1st thoracic ganglion

Front 78

ansa cervialis - location?

Back 78

within carotid sheath

Front 79

ansa cervialis - what is it?

Back 79

loops of fibers from C1-C3

Front 80

ansa cervialis - innervates?

Back 80

infrahyoid mm (thyrohyoid only innervated by C1)