Gross Anatomy Cranial Nerves V And Vii

Front 1

What type of fibers are in CN 5?

Back 1

mixed sensory and motor

Front 2

Where does CN 5 emerge from?

Back 2

lateral aspect of the pons, as 2 roots, a larger sensory and smaller motor root

Front 3

What muscles does the branchial motor branch supply?

Back 3

Muscles of mastication, anterior belly of the digastric, mylohyoid, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini muscles

Front 4

What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

Back 4

-V1 - Opthalmic Division
-V2 - Maxillary Division
-V3 - Mandibular Division

Front 5

What info does V1 carry?

Back 5

pure sensory

Front 6

Where does V1 exit the cranial cavity?

Back 6

via the Superior Orbital Fissure to enter the orbit

Front 7

Where does V1 travel through?

Back 7

passes forward into the dura in the lateral wall of the Cavernous Sinus to exit the cranial cavity via the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbit

Front 8

What are the three branches of the opthalmic division?

Back 8

-Nasocilliary
-Frontal
-Lacrimal

Front 9

What does V1 innervate?

Back 9

Cornea, conjuctiva, nasal cavity, frontal and ethmoid sinuses, dorsum of the nose, upper eyelid, anterior portion of the scalp

Front 10

What type of fibers make up V2?

Back 10

sensory only

Front 11

Where does V2 exit the cranial cavity?

Back 11

exits via the foramen rotundum to enter the pterygopalatine fossa

Front 12

Where does V2 travel?

Back 12

passes forward in the dura of the lateral wall of the Cavernous Sinus to exit the cranial cavity via the Foramen Rotundum to enter the pterygopalatine fossa

Front 13

What are the major branches of V2?

Back 13

zygomatic, superior alveolar (posterior, middle, anterior), infraorbital, palatine (lesser, greater)

Front 14

What muscles/areas does V2 innervate?

Back 14

palate, nasal cavity, upper teeth, maxillary sinus, skin of lateral side of nose, upper lip, lower eyelid, cheek

Front 15

What types of fibers does V3 have?

Back 15

mixed, both sensory and motor

Front 16

Where does V3 exit the cranium?

Back 16

exits via the froamen ovale

Front 17

Where does V3 travel?

Back 17

exits the cranial cavity vis the foramen ovale (motor and sensory roots join)

Front 18

What does V3 innervate with motor fibers?

Back 18

derivatives of the 1st pharyngeal arch - masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoids, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric muscles

Front 19

What are hte major nerve branches of V3?

Back 19

Buccal, Lingual, Inferior Alveolar, Auriculotemporal (also nerve to mylohyoid)

Front 20

What areas does V3 innervate with sensory fibers?

Back 20

skin of lower face, cheek, lower lip, temporomandibular joint, upper external auditory meatus, tympanic membrane, anterior 2/3 of tongue, lower teeth

Front 21

Does the trigeminal nerve convey parasympathetic preganglionic fibers?

Back 21

No, but postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers from ciliary, otic, submandibular, and pterygopalatine ganglia join branches of the trigeminal nerve

Front 22

What are some of the sensations that can be lost with injury to the trigeminal nerve?

Back 22

loss of light touch, pain & temperature sensations from the face, anterior scalp, mucous membranes of the nose, mouth and anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Front 23

What losses are associated with injury to V1?

Back 23

loss of afferent limb of the corneal reflex (both eyes blinking in response to one eye being touched)

Front 24

What losses are associated with injury to V3?

Back 24

Paralysis of the muscles of mastication (chin points to the side of the lesion)

Front 25

What is Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic douloureux)?

Back 25

-disorder of the sensory root of CN V
-occurs most ofter in middle-aged or elderly
-sudden attack of excruciating jabs of facial pain, for 15+ minutes
-V2 most frequently involved, V1 least frequent
-cause unknown
-may require surgical resection of the nerve or ganglion

Front 26

What is the path of the facial nerve?

Back 26

starts to exit the cranial cavity via the interanl acoustic meatus, travels through the Facial Canal in the Temporal Bone to finally exit the skull via the stylomastoid foramen

Front 27

What types of fibers does CN VII contain?

Back 27

mixed sensory and motor

Front 28

Where does CN VII emerge from?

Back 28

junction of the pons and medulla, as two divisions: motor root and intermediate nerve

Front 29

What does the motor root of CN VII innervate?

Back 29

muscles of facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid, posterior belly of the digastric (derivatives of the 2nd pharyngeal arch)

Front 30

What is the function of the intermediate nerve of CN VII?

Back 30

carries taste, somatic sensory, and parasympathetic fibers

Front 31

What branches does CN VII give rise to while in the facial canal of the temporal bone?

Back 31

greater petrosal nerve, chorda tympani nerve, nerve to the stapedius muscle

Front 32

What is the function of the greater petrosal nerve?

Back 32

-provides parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the pterygopalatine ganglion, which in turn provides autonomic innervation to the lacrimal gland and the mucous glands of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and palate

Front 33

What is the function of the Chorda Tympani Nerve?

Back 33

carries taste fibers to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, as well as parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to the submandibular ganglion

Front 34

What nerve does the Chorda Tympani join with?

Back 34

Unites with the lingual nerve branch of V3

Front 35

Where do postganglionic fibers of the Chorda Tympani nerve go to?

Back 35

Distributed to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

Front 36

Where does the facial nerve emerge from?

Back 36

The stylomastoid foramen

Front 37

What branch does the facial nerve give of immeadiately after exiting the cranium?

Back 37

The posterior auricular nerve

Front 38

Where does CN VII travel after exiting the cranial cavity?

Back 38

continues anteriorly within the parotid gland

Front 39

WHat 5 branches does the facial nerve terminate as?

Back 39

Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular (marginal), Cervical

Front 40

What are the muscles of facial expression?

Back 40

Frontalis, Orbicularis Oculi, Zygomaticus Major, Levator Labii Superioris, Levator Anguli Oris, Orbicularis Oris, Depressor Labii Inferioris, Depressor Anguli Oris, Buccinator, Platysma

Front 41

WHat innervates the muscles of facial expression?

Back 41

CN VII

Front 42

What are som eof the signs of injury to the facial nerve?

Back 42

-paralysis of the muscles of facial expression (bells palsy)
-may have loss of taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
-may have decreased secretions from the lacrimal or submandibular and sublingual glands
-loss of efferent limb of the corneal reflex

Front 43

What causes Bells Palsy?

Back 43

-most common non-traumatic cause is inflammation of the nerve near the stylomastoid foramen
-can also be the result of a fracture to te temporal bone, surgical and dental procedures