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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do dermatophytes infect?
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Infect the keratinized layer of hair, skin, or nails
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What kind of dermatophytes cause the most mild inflammation?
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Anthropophilic dermatophytes
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What kind of dermatophytes cause marked inflammatory reactions in humans
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Zoophilic dermatophytes
Geophilic dermatophytes |
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~ 58% of the dermatophyte isolated are
WHAT?**** |
Trichophyton rubrum
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Other dermatophytes
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27% are T. mentagrophytes
7% are T. verrucosum 3% are T. tonsurans |
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Tinea capitis
Tinea pedis Tinea manuum Tinea cruris Tinea barbae Tinea corporis Tinea unguium (onychomycosis) |
Scalp
Feet (athletes foot) Hands Groin Beard, hair Body Nails |
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Describe a tinea lesion
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Erythematous, scaly plaques with well-defined
borders Clear center |
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What is this assoc with Tinea capitis?
Arthroconidia on the outside of the hair shaft Often fluoresce Destroys the cuticle of the hair |
Ectothrix
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What is this assoc with Tinea capitis?
Arthroconidia in the hair shaft Hair cuticle remains intact Does not fluoresce |
Endothrix
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What is this assoc with Tinea capitis?
Usually associated with T. schoenleinii Crusting and hair loss |
Favus
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What is the cause of this tinea capitis?
Erythematous, scaly plaques in the scalp, developed after getting a very cropped hair cut The lesions may produce significant hair loss Scarring may occur if inflammation is severe A kerion of the scalp which is often mistaken for a bacterial abscess zoophilic organisms A kerion of the scalp |
Trichophyton verrucosum
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most common nosocomial fungal pathogen
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Candida
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Predisposing factors for Vaginal candidiasis
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Pregnancy
Diabetes Antibiotic therapy |
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Who gets oral thrush
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infants and immunocompromised patients
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Superficial mycoses
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Tinea versicolor
Tinea nigra White & black piedra |
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Etiologic agent of Tinea versicolor
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Malassezia furfur (Pityrosporum obiculare)
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When does pt notice the infection?
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Noticed in the summer because lesions don’t tan
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Dx of tinea versicolor
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Clinical appearance
Fluoresces under Wood’s light Skin scrapings (spaghetti & meatballs) |
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Etiologic agent of Tinea nigra
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Phaeoannellomyces werneckii
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What part of the world is P. werneckii seen?
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Mostly seen in the tropics
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Quick description of P. werneckii
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Brown to black lesion on hands and feet
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White or black nodules along the hair shaft
Etiologic agents: Trichosporon beigelii (white) Piedraia hortae (black) |
White and Black Piedra
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Subcutaneous mycoses
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Sporotrichosis
Chromoblastomycosis Mycetoma |
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MC subQ mycosis in US
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sporotrichosis
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What's the fungus name?
Dimorphic fungus In soil and on plants (rosebushes and mulches) Worldwide Occupational disease of gardeners, florists, farmers etc. |
Sporothrix schenckii
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What do you see in biopsy of S. Schenckii
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cigar-shaped yeasts
asteroid bodies (yeast cell surrounded by rays of eosinophilic material containing antigen-antibody complexes, complement, & tissue components) |
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What is most reliable method of diagnosis
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Culture
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What is the name of fungus causing Chromoblastomycosis ?
dematiaceous fungi plant debris Can occur in southern US (rare) Scaly, wart-like structure on foot or leg, with pigmented flecks seen within the lesion Chronic, slow growing, painless but disfiguring Lesions contain sclerotic bodies (thick-walled cells with horizontal &/or vertical septa) Culture can take up to 6 weeks |
Phialophora & Cladosporium
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In Chromoblastomycosis, KOH examination of the pigmented flecks showed WHAT?
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golden-yellow coloured septate spherical bodies (sclerotic bodies or medlar bodies or copper penny bodies).
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In Chromoblastomycosis, brown sclerotic bodies divide HOW?
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by binary fission and not by budding
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What's this?
Chronic, subcutaneous tumor characterized by suppuration and abscess formation Draining sinuses contain pus and microcolonies of the etiologic agent Culture or examine granules from draining sinuses to distinguish between bacterial or fungal etiologic agent Fungal mycetoma may require excision of lesion or amputation |
Mycetoma
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What is Characterized by the triad of tumefaction, draining sinuses, and the presence of grains in the exudate.
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Madura Foot
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Mycetoma can be caused by WHAT?
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true fungi (eumycetic mycetomas), filamentous bacteria of the order Actinmycetales (actinomycetic mycetoma), and other bacteria (botrymycosis).
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