Greek Syntax Flashcards

Front 1

What is the difference between Genitive and Accusative?

Back 1

1. Genitive limits as to quality while Accusative limits as to quantity

2. Genitive usually relates to a noun while Accusative usually to a verb

Front 2

How is the Genitive distinct from the Dative?

Back 2

1. The force of the genitive is generally adjectival and the force of the dative is basically adverbial.

2. Genitive usually relates to a noun while Dative usually to a verb

Front 3

Define descriptive Genitive and provide the other name

Back 3

1. Aporetic Genitive

2. the catch-all (black hole) of the genitive categories

3. Is the last resort if a narrower category cannot be found

Front 4

What is the identification for Aporetic Genitive?

Back 4

For the word "of" replace it with "characterized by" or "described by"

Front 5

What is the definition of Possessive Genititve?

Back 5

the substantive in the genitive possess the thing to which it stands related.

(in some sense the head noun is owned by the genitive noun)

Front 6

What is the identification for Possessive Genitive?

Back 6

instead of the word "of" replace it with ""belonging to" or "possessed by"

Front 7

Define Genitve of Relationship

Back 7

1. Subset of Possessive Genitive

2. indicates familial relationship

Front 8

How do you identify Genitive of Relationship?

Back 8

whether the noun to which the genitive is related is a family relation noun (son, mother, etc.)

Front 9

Provide the definition and other name for Partitive Genitive

Back 9

1. Wholative Genitive

2. the substantive in the genitive denote the whole of which the head noun is a part

(the head noun is a part of the portion)

Front 10

What is the identification for Wholative Genitive?

Back 10

the word "of" is substituted with "which is a part of"

Front 11

Define Attributive Genitive

Back 11

1. Actively modifies head noun

2. Functions like an adjective

3. Specifies an attribute or innate quality of the head substantive

Front 12

Key to identification of Attributive Genitive

Back 12

if the noun in the genitive can be converted into an attribute adjective modifying the noun to which the genitive stands related

Front 13

What is Attributed Genitive?

Back 13

1. The head noun, rather than the genitive, is functioning as an attributive adjective

2. Head noun modifies the genitive

Front 14

What is the key to identifying the Attributed Genitive?

Back 14

1. If it is possible to convert the noun into a mere adjective of the genitive

2. to omit the "of" in translation between the head noun and the genitive and change the head noun into its corresponding adjective

Front 15

Define Genitve of Material

Back 15

the genitive substantive specifies the material out of which the head noun is made

Front 16

What is the Key to Identifying Genitive of Material?

Back 16

replace the word "of" with "made out of" or "consisting of"

Front 17

Define Genitive of Content

Back 17

the genitive substantive specifies the contents of the word to which it is related

Front 18

Key to identifying Genitive of Content

Back 18

1. If the word is a noun, replace "of" with "full of" or "containing"

2. If the word is a verb, "with"

Front 19

Key to identifying Genitive in Simple Apposition

Back 19

1. both nouns be the same case

2. "of" will always be omitted

Front 20

What is the definition of Genitive of Apposition?

Back 20

1. states a specific example that is part of the larger category named by the head noun

AKA: the genitive refers tot he same thing as the substantive to which it is related (restating the noun)

2. does not always need the same case, requires only the second noun to be in the genitive

Front 21

Key to identification of Genitive of Apposition and Simple Apposition

Back 21

1. replace the word "of" with "which is" or "that is" or "namely"

2. If a personal noun, "who is"

Front 22

How to tell the difference between Genitive in Simple Apposition and Genitive of Apposition

Back 22

if the word "of" can be used before the genitive in question, then it is a genitive of apposition

Front 23

What is the definition of Genitive of Subordination?

Back 23

Specifies that which is subordinated to or under the dominion of the head noun

Front 24

Key to identification of Genitive of Subordination

Back 24

Instead of "of" supply the gloss "over" or something like it that suggests dominion or priority

Front 25

What is a subset proposition?

Back 25

a predicate nominative that describes the class to which the subject belongs to

Front 26

What is a convertible proposition

Back 26

a predicate nominate where both nouns are identical and can be exchanged

Front 27

What are three ways we can distinguish subject from Predicate Nominative?

Back 27

1. Subject will be a pronoun

2. Subject will be articular

3. Subject will be a proper name

Front 28

What is the priority for finding the subject?

Back 28

1. Pronoun has greatest priority

2. Articular nouns and proper names seem to have equal priority (check word order)

Front 29

What is a Nominate Absolute?

Back 29

1. the use of a nominate case in introductory material.

2. does not occur in a sentence, but only in titles, salutations, and other introductory phrases

Front 30

What is a Pendent Nominative?

Back 30

- logical rather than syntactical subject at the beginning of a sentence

- the "subject" maybe a noun or participle, which is grammatically unrelated to the rest of the sentence

- followed by a sentence in which this subject is now replaced by a pronoun

Front 31

What is a Parenthetic Nominative?

Back 31

- a subject in a clause inside a sentence that may or may not have a different subject

- primarily explanatory

- normally not found at the head of the construction

Front 32

What is an Ablatival Genitive?

Back 32

Genitive that involves the notion of separation

Front 33

What is the def of Genitive of Separation?

Back 33

the genitive substantive is that from which the verb or sometimes head noun is separated

Front 34

What is the key to identifying Genitive of Separation?

Back 34

- For the word "of" supply the words "out of, away from, from"

- will be dependent on the verb instead of the noun

Front 35

What is the Genitive of Source (or Origin)?

Back 35

the genitive substantive is the source from which the noun derives or depends

Front 36

What is the key to identification for Genitive of Source

Back 36

for the word "of" supply the paraphrase "out of, derived from, dependent on, sourced in"

Front 37

What is the definition of Genitive of Comparison?

Back 37

the genitive substantive, almost always after a comparative adjective, is used to indicate comparison

Front 38

What is the key to identification for Genitive of Comparison?

Back 38

For the word "of" insert "than"

Front 39

What is the definition for Subjective Genitive?

Back 39

the genitive substantive functions semantically as the subject of the verbal idea implicit in the head noun

Front 40

What is the key to Identifying the Subjective Genitive?

Back 40

If a subjective genitive is suspected, attempt to convert the verbal noun to which the genitive is related into a verbal form and turn the genitive into its subject

Front 41

What is the definition of Objective Genitive?

Back 41

the genitive substantive functions semantically as the direct object of the verbal idea implicit in the head noun

Front 42

What is the key to identifying the Objective Genitive?

Back 42

- attempt to convert the verbal noun to which the genitive is related into a verbal form and turn the genitive into its direct object

- "of" to "for, about, concerning, toward" and sometimes "against"

Front 43

What is the definition of Plenary Genitive?

Back 43

- the noun in the genitive is BOTH subjective and objective

- in most cases the subjective produces an objective genitive

Front 44

What is the key to identifying Plenary Genitives?

Back 44

1. if both ideas seem to fit in a given passage and do not contradict but rather complement one another, then there is a good possibility that the genitive in question is a plenary (or full) genitive

Front 45

What is the definition for the Genitive of Time?

Back 45

indicates the kind of him, or time within which the word to which it stands related takes place

Front 46

What is the key to identifying the Genitive of time?

Back 46

the "of' becomes during, at, within

Front 47

What is the Genitive of Means?

Back 47

the genitive substantive indicates the means or instrumentality by which the verbal action is accomplished

Front 48

Key to identifying the Genitive of Means

Back 48

for "of" supply "by"

Front 49

What is the genitive of agency?

Back 49

the genitive substantive indicates personal agent by whom the action in view is accomplished (usually material)

Front 50

What is the key to identifying genitive of agency?

Back 50

for "of" supply "by"

Front 51

What is the Genitive Absolute?

Back 51

the action in the genitive participle is outside of the subject

Front 52

What is the Genitive of Reference?

Back 52

The genitive substantive indicate that in reference to which the noun or adjective to which it stands related is true

Front 53

What is the key to identifying the Genitive of Reference?

Back 53

for the word "of" supply "with reference to" or "with respect to"

Front 54

What is the Genitive of Association?

Back 54

the genitive substantive indicates the one with whom the noun to which it stands related to is associated

Front 55

What is the key to identifying the Genitive of Association?

Back 55

For "of" supply "with" or "in association with"

Front 56

What is the Genitive After Certain Verbs?

Back 56

some verbs take a genitive substantive as the direct object

Front 57

What is the Genitive After Certain Adjectives?

Back 57

Certain adjectives (such as αξιος) and adverbs normally take a genitive "object"

Front 58

What is the Genitive After Certain Prepositions?

Back 58

Certain prepositions take the genitive after them

Front 59

God loves X

shows what type of Genitive?

Back 59

Subjective Genitive

Front 60

X loves God

Shows what type of Genitive?

Back 60

Objective Genitive

Front 61

What is the definition of the Dative of Indirect Object?

Back 61

The dative substantive is that to or for which the action of the verb is performed

Front 62

What is the key to identifying the Dative of Indirect Object?

Back 62

The verb MUST be transitive; and if the dative can be translated with "to" or "for" it is most likely

Front 63

What is the definition of Dative of Reference

Back 63

The dative substantive is that in reference to which something is presented as true

Front 64

What is the key to identifying the Dative of Reference?

Back 64

Instead of the word "of" supply the phrase "with reference to" (concerning, about, around) before the dative

Front 65

What is the Dative of Destination?

Back 65

Similar to an indirect object, except that it appears with intransitive verbs (esp. erxomai)

Front 66

What is the Dative of Possession?

Back 66

functions like possesses the noun to which it is related

Front 67

What is Dative of Sphere?

Back 67

the dative substantive indicates the sphere or realm in which the word to which it is related takes place or exists

Front 68

What is the key to identifying the Dative of Sphere?

Back 68

Before the noun insert the words "in the sphere of" or "in the realm of"

Front 69

What is the Dative of Time?

Back 69

The noun indicates the time when the action of the main verb is accomplished

Front 70

What is the key to identifying the Dative of Time?

Back 70

The root idea of the local dative is position, thus the dative of time expresses a point in time

Front 71

What is the Dative of Assossiation?

Back 71

indicates the person or thing one associates with or accompanies

Front 72

What is the key to identifying the Dative of Association?

Back 72

insert the phrase "in association with"