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44 Cards in this Set
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Polis |
Political Organization--self governing city-state within Sparta and Athens |
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Aristotles Classification of Regimes |
Rule of One: Monarchy (Good) or Tyranny (Bad) Rule of the Few: Aristocracy (Good) or Oligarchy (Bad) Rule of the Many: Polity (Good) or Democracy (Bad) |
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Acropolis |
Religious and civic center in Athens, the work of Pericles |
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Areopagus |
A council of nobles who governed Athens |
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Agora |
A place for markets and political assemblies |
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Arête |
Highest virtue in Homeric society: the manliness, courage, and excellence that equipped a hero to acquire and defend honor |
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Attica |
The region that encompasses Athens |
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Laconia |
Principle region of the Spartan state |
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Helots |
The enslaved Greeks whose focus was on agriculture |
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Hoplite |
Greek citizen-soldiers armed with spears, shields, helmets, and breast plates, and formed the phalanx battlefield formation |
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Hubris |
Over whining pride, thinking you're better than the Greek gods |
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Iliad |
Homer's poem narrates a dispute between Agamemnon the king and his warrior Achilles, whose honor is wounded and then avenged. Used to educate the Greeks |
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Ionia |
Coastal region where Greeks live |
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Magna Graecia |
Coastal areas of southern Italy which were colonized by various ancient Greek city-states |
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Minoan |
Civilization of Crete and the Aegean's first civilization. Named for a legendary king on the island, King Minos |
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Dorians |
Spartans |
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Odyssey |
Homer's epic poem tells of the wanderings of the hero Odysseus. Used for educating the Greeks |
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Panhellenic |
Of, concerning, or representing all of the Greeks |
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Olympic Games (Date Begun) |
776 B.C. Greeks come together peacefully and compete--sign of civilization |
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Peloponnesus |
One of the divisions of Greece--home to the city of Sparta |
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Phalanx |
8 rank deep military formation of the Hoplite soldiers. Shoulder to shoulder and the lines of defense held their shields which interlocked and each solider held a 7-8 foot spear (either upward or downward to the fallen opponents) which pierced the enemy |
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Symposium |
A men's drinking party at the center of the aristocratic social life in archaic Greece |
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Olympian gods (12 main ones) |
Zeus: Father of the gods Hera: Zeus's wife & the Queen of the gods Poseidon: God of the Sea Hades: God of the Underworld Hestia: Goddess of Hearth & Home Athena: Goddess of Wisdom & War Artemis: Goddess of Moon & Hunt Apollo: God of Light, Music & Prophecy Hephaestus: God of Fire & Forge Ares: God of War Hermes: God of Messenger |
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Oracle at Delphi |
Delphi was the location in Greece of the oracle, a place where the gods speak to man for a small fee ($$) |
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Darius |
Xerxes's father Great Persian king Led the Marathon in 490 B.C. |
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Xerxes |
Great Persian king (son to Darius) Defeats the Spartans at the Battle of Thermopylae Attempts retribution for his father |
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Marathon (Date) |
Date: 490 B.C. Athenians vs. Persians Won by the Athenians |
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Thermopylae |
Between the Persians (led by Xerxes) and the Spartans (led by Leonidas) during the Persian Invasion of 480 B.C. The Greek army focused on warriors rather than numbers unlike the Persians Xerxes sends in the immortals (10,000 soldiers) and through a Greek traitor he finds a goat path which allows them to take the advantage and kill off all but 2 Spartans with their arrows |
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Salamis |
Great naval battle when the Greek navy beats the Persian fleet in 480 B.C. (Persians led by Xerxes, he goes home after this battle) |
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Delian League |
Athenian Empire Reinging Greeks |
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"Great" Peloponnesian War (Dates) |
431-404 B.C. Athenians take the lead and become wealthy and powerful. Once Pericles dies, the Athenians change his successful military strategy and the Athenians lose in 404 B.C. and Sparta is victorious. Sparta then takes over the role Athens had in Greece Hegemony: Ruler of the other nation |
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Pericles |
Great Athenian leader during the Peloponnesian Era. Persuasive speaker, patriot and great military strategist. Beautifies Athens. Once he dies their strategy dies along with I'm and the Athenians lose the P. War in 404 B.C. |
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Sophists |
Professional Educators Persuade people and gain powers Only care to win Speak very eloquently |
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Socrates |
Lives in Athens Brought philosophy down into the city to pursue the truth & justice--Birth of political philosophy Questions the laws of the city--put on trial bc of this, later is executed by Athens (drinks poison) |
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Plato |
Student of Socrates--Socratic Wrote the Apology of Socrates: on the trial of Socrates for questioning the city's laws Wrote Plato's Republic--wrote down the conversations between he and Socrates Starts a school in Athens named Lycurgus. Allows the city to become immersed in philosophy |
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Aristotle |
Greek (socratic) philosopher Enrolled in Plato's school |
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Philip of Macedon |
Brings Macedonia up Establishes a new capital Unites under his power Creates a professional army |
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Alexander the Great (Date of Death) |
Date of Death: 323 B.C.E. (dies in Babylon) Takes over the project of the Persian invasion--takes over from his father @ the time of his death, he was said to have conquered the entire known world |
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Euclid |
Systemized Ancient Greek mathematics and geometry--wrote The Elements |
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Stoics |
Believed that every human had a divine spark of purpose from the universe--live in harmony with themselves and nature |
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Epicureans |
Materialists--have a good time The universe is meaningless |
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Herodotus |
The Father of History First prose literature from his account of the Persian War |
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Parthenon |
Temple in Athens |
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Hellenistic Age |
Spread Greek culture and ideas all over |
