Greek And Latin Medical Terms Chapter 6

Front 1

kidneys

Back 1

two bean shaped located on each side of the vertebral column on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity behnd the parietal peritoneum. Function: to remove waste products from the blood & to aid in maintaining water & electrolyte balances

Front 2

nephron

Back 2

urine producing microscopic structure. Approximately 1 million nephrons are located in each kidney

Front 3

glomerulus pl. glomeruli

Back 3

cluster of capillaries at the enterance of the nephron. The process of filtering the blood . : forming urine, begins here

Front 4

renal pelvis

Back 4

funnel shaped reservoir that collects the urine & passes it to the ureter

Front 5

hilum

Back 5

indentation on the medial side of the kidney where the ureter leaves the kidney

Front 6

ureters

Back 6

two slender tubes 10-11 inches long, that receive the urine from the kidneys & carry it to the posterior portion of the bladder

Front 7

urinary bladder

Back 7

muscullar hollow organ that temporarily holds urine. As it fills the thick muscular wall becomes thinner, & the organ increases in size

Front 8

urethra

Back 8

lowest part of the urinary tract; urine passes through it from the bladder to the outside of the body. It is a narrow tube that varies in length by sex--1.5 " for women, 8" for men--in whom it is also a part of the reproductive system. Carries seminal fluid at the time of ejaculation

Front 9

urinary meatus

Back 9

opening through which the urine passes to the outside

Front 10

cystitis

Back 10

inflammation of the bladder

Front 11

cystocele

Back 11

protusion of the bladder

Front 12

cystolith

Back 12

stone in the bladder

Front 13

glomerulonephritis (gloo-mer-uu-loo-ne-FRII-tis)

Back 13

inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney

Front 14

hydronephrosis

Back 14

abnormal condition of water in the kidney (distension of the renal pelvis with urine because of an obstruction)

Front 15

nephritis

Back 15

inflammation of a kidney

Front 16

nephroblastoma

Back 16

kidney tumor containing developing cell (malignant tumor) also called Wilm's tumor.

Front 17

nephrohypertrophy

Back 17

excessive development (increase in size) of the kidney

Front 18

nephrolithiasis

Back 18

condition of stones in the kidney

Front 19

nephroma

Back 19

tumor of a kidney

Front 20

nephromegaly

Back 20

enlargement of a kidney

Front 21

nephroptosis

Back 21

drooping kidney

Front 22

pyelitis

Back 22

inflammation of the renal pelvis

Front 23

pyelonephritis

Back 23

inflammation of the renal pelvis & the kidney

Front 24

uremia

Back 24

condition of urine (urea) in the blood. (toxic condition resulting from retention of byproducts of the kidney in the blood)

Front 25

ureteritis

Back 25

inflammation of a ureter

Front 26

ureterocele

Back 26

protusion of a ureter

Front 27

ureterolithiasis

Back 27

condition of stones in the ureters

Front 28

ureterstenosis

Back 28

narrowing of the ureter

Front 29

urethrocystitis

Back 29

inflammation of the urethra & the bladder

Front 30

epispadias

Back 30

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis

Front 31

hypospadius

Back 31

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis; a similar defect can occur in women

Front 32

polycystic kidney disease

Back 32

condition in which the kiney contains many cysts & is enlarged

Front 33

renal calculus pl. calculi

Back 33

stone in the kidney

Front 34

renal hypertension

Back 34

elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

Front 35

sepsis

Back 35

a condition in which pathogenis microoorganisms, usually bacteria, enter the bloodstream, causing a systemic inflammatory response to the infection (also called septicemia)

Front 36

urinary retention

Back 36

abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate

Front 37

urinary suppresion

Back 37

sudden stopage of urine formation

Front 38

urinary tract infection (UTI)

Back 38

infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract

Front 39

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

Back 39

a noninvasive treatment for removal of kidney or ureteral stone(s). By using ultrasound & fluoroscopic imaging, the stone is positioned at a focal point. Repeated firing of shock waves renders the stone into fragments that pass from the body in the urine (also called shock wave lithotripsy (SWL)

Front 40

fulguration

Back 40

destruction of living tissue with an electric spark (a method commonly used to remove bladder growths)

Front 41

renal transplant

Back 41

surgical implantation of a donar kidney to replace a nonfunctioning kidney

Front 42

KUB (kidney, ureter, & bladder

Back 42

a simple radiographic image of the abdomen. Is often used to view the kidneys, ureters, & bladder to determine size, shape & location. Also used to identify calculi in the K, U or B, or to diagnose intestinal obstruction

Front 43

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Back 43

a blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood; used to determine kidney function. An increased BUN indicates renel dysfunction

Front 44

creatinine

Back 44

a blood test that measures the amount of creatinine in the blood. An elevated amount indicates impaired kidney function

Front 45

specific gravity

Back 45

a test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys

Front 46

urinalysis (UA)

Back 46

multiple routine tests performed on a urine specimen

Front 47

catheter

Back 47

flexible, tubelike device, such as a urinary caheter for withdrawing or instilling fluids

Front 48

distended

Back 48

streched out (a bladder is distended when filled with urine)

Front 49

diuretic

Back 49

agent that increases the formation & excretion of urine

Front 50

enuresis (en-uu-REE-sis)

Back 50

involuntary urination

Front 51

hemodialysis (HD)

Back 51

procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of an inability of the kidneys to do so

Front 52

incontinence

Back 52

inability to control bladder and/or bowels

Front 53

micturate

Back 53

to urinate or void

Front 54

peritoneal dialysis

Back 54

procedure for removing toxic wastes when the kidney is unable to do so; the peritoneal cavity is used as the receptacle for the fluid used in the dialysis

Front 55

stricture

Back 55

abnormal narrowing, such as a urethral stricture

Front 56

urinal

Back 56

receptacle for urine

Front 57

urinary catheterization

Back 57

passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine

Front 58

urodynamics

Back 58

pertaining to the force and flow of urine within the urinary tract

Front 59

void

Back 59

to empty or evacuate waste material, especially urine

Front 60

BUN

Back 60

blood urea nitrogen

Front 61

cath

Back 61

catheter

Front 62

ESWL

Back 62

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Front 63

HD

Back 63

hemodialysis

Front 64

IVP

Back 64

intravenous pyelogram

Front 65

IVU

Back 65

intravenous urogram

Front 66

SG

Back 66

specific gravity

Front 67

UA

Back 67

urinalysis

Front 68

UTI

Back 68

urinary tract infection

Front 69

VCUG

Back 69

voiding cystourethrogram

Front 70

kidneys

Back 70

two bean shaped located on each side of the vertebral column on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity behnd the parietal peritoneum. Function: to remove waste products from the blood & to aid in maintaining water & electrolyte balances

Front 71

nephron

Back 71

urine producing microscopic structure. Approximately 1 million nephrons are located in each kidney

Front 72

glomerulus pl. glomeruli

Back 72

cluster of capillaries at the enterance of the nephron. The process of filtering the blood . : forming urine, begins here

Front 73

renal pelvis

Back 73

funnel shaped reservoir that collects the urine & passes it to the ureter

Front 74

hilum

Back 74

indentation on the medial side of the kidney where the ureter leaves the kidney

Front 75

ureters

Back 75

two slender tubes 10-11 inches long, that receive the urine from the kidneys & carry it to the posterior portion of the bladder

Front 76

urinary bladder

Back 76

muscullar hollow organ that temporarily holds urine. As it fills the thick muscular wall becomes thinner, & the organ increases in size

Front 77

urethra

Back 77

lowest part of the urinary tract; urine passes through it from the bladder to the outside of the body. It is a narrow tube that varies in length by sex--1.5 " for women, 8" for men--in whom it is also a part of the reproductive system. Carries seminal fluid at the time of ejaculation

Front 78

urinary meatus

Back 78

opening through which the urine passes to the outside

Front 79

cystitis

Back 79

inflammation of the bladder

Front 80

cystocele

Back 80

protusion of the bladder

Front 81

cystolith

Back 81

stone in the bladder

Front 82

glomerulonephritis (gloo-mer-uu-loo-ne-FRII-tis)

Back 82

inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney

Front 83

hydronephrosis

Back 83

abnormal condition of water in the kidney (distension of the renal pelvis with urine because of an obstruction)

Front 84

nephritis

Back 84

inflammation of a kidney

Front 85

nephroblastoma

Back 85

kidney tumor containing developing cell (malignant tumor) also called Wilm's tumor.

Front 86

nephrohypertrophy

Back 86

excessive development (increase in size) of the kidney

Front 87

nephrolithiasis

Back 87

condition of stones in the kidney

Front 88

nephroma

Back 88

tumor of a kidney

Front 89

nephromegaly

Back 89

enlargement of a kidney

Front 90

nephroptosis

Back 90

drooping kidney

Front 91

pyelitis

Back 91

inflammation of the renal pelvis

Front 92

pyelonephritis

Back 92

inflammation of the renal pelvis & the kidney

Front 93

uremia

Back 93

condition of urine (urea) in the blood. (toxic condition resulting from retention of byproducts of the kidney in the blood)

Front 94

ureteritis

Back 94

inflammation of a ureter

Front 95

ureterocele

Back 95

protusion of a ureter

Front 96

ureterolithiasis

Back 96

condition of stones in the ureters

Front 97

ureterstenosis

Back 97

narrowing of the ureter

Front 98

urethrocystitis

Back 98

inflammation of the urethra & the bladder

Front 99

epispadias

Back 99

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis

Front 100

hypospadius

Back 100

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis; a similar defect can occur in women

Front 101

polycystic kidney disease

Back 101

condition in which the kiney contains many cysts & is enlarged

Front 102

renal calculus pl. calculi

Back 102

stone in the kidney

Front 103

renal hypertension

Back 103

elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

Front 104

sepsis

Back 104

a condition in which pathogenis microoorganisms, usually bacteria, enter the bloodstream, causing a systemic inflammatory response to the infection (also called septicemia)

Front 105

urinary retention

Back 105

abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate

Front 106

urinary suppresion

Back 106

sudden stopage of urine formation

Front 107

urinary tract infection (UTI)

Back 107

infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract

Front 108

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

Back 108

a noninvasive treatment for removal of kidney or ureteral stone(s). By using ultrasound & fluoroscopic imaging, the stone is positioned at a focal point. Repeated firing of shock waves renders the stone into fragments that pass from the body in the urine (also called shock wave lithotripsy (SWL)

Front 109

fulguration

Back 109

destruction of living tissue with an electric spark (a method commonly used to remove bladder growths)

Front 110

renal transplant

Back 110

surgical implantation of a donar kidney to replace a nonfunctioning kidney

Front 111

KUB (kidney, ureter, & bladder

Back 111

a simple radiographic image of the abdomen. Is often used to view the kidneys, ureters, & bladder to determine size, shape & location. Also used to identify calculi in the K, U or B, or to diagnose intestinal obstruction

Front 112

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Back 112

a blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood; used to determine kidney function. An increased BUN indicates renel dysfunction

Front 113

creatinine

Back 113

a blood test that measures the amount of creatinine in the blood. An elevated amount indicates impaired kidney function

Front 114

specific gravity

Back 114

a test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys

Front 115

urinalysis (UA)

Back 115

multiple routine tests performed on a urine specimen

Front 116

catheter

Back 116

flexible, tubelike device, such as a urinary caheter for withdrawing or instilling fluids

Front 117

distended

Back 117

streched out (a bladder is distended when filled with urine)

Front 118

diuretic

Back 118

agent that increases the formation & excretion of urine

Front 119

enuresis (en-uu-REE-sis)

Back 119

involuntary urination

Front 120

hemodialysis (HD)

Back 120

procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of an inability of the kidneys to do so

Front 121

incontinence

Back 121

inability to control bladder and/or bowels

Front 122

micturate

Back 122

to urinate or void

Front 123

peritoneal dialysis

Back 123

procedure for removing toxic wastes when the kidney is unable to do so; the peritoneal cavity is used as the receptacle for the fluid used in the dialysis

Front 124

stricture

Back 124

abnormal narrowing, such as a urethral stricture

Front 125

urinal

Back 125

receptacle for urine

Front 126

urinary catheterization

Back 126

passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine

Front 127

urodynamics

Back 127

pertaining to the force and flow of urine within the urinary tract

Front 128

void

Back 128

to empty or evacuate waste material, especially urine

Front 129

BUN

Back 129

blood urea nitrogen

Front 130

cath

Back 130

catheter

Front 131

ESWL

Back 131

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Front 132

HD

Back 132

hemodialysis

Front 133

IVP

Back 133

intravenous pyelogram

Front 134

IVU

Back 134

intravenous urogram

Front 135

SG

Back 135

specific gravity

Front 136

UA

Back 136

urinalysis

Front 137

UTI

Back 137

urinary tract infection

Front 138

VCUG

Back 138

voiding cystourethrogram