Great Depression Anad New Deal

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Great Depression and New Deal

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a series of economic programs implemented in the United States between 1933 and 1936. They were passed by the U.S. Congress during the first term of Franklin Delano Roosevelt as President of the United States, which lasted from 1933 to 1937.

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Black Tuesday

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was the most devastating stock market crash in the history of the United States, taking into consideration the full extent and duration of its fallout.The crash signaled the beginning of the 12-year Great Depression that affected all Western industrialized countries and that did not end in the United States until the onset of American mobilization for World War II at the end of 1941.

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Dust Bowl

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was a period of severe dust storms causing major ecological and agricultural damage to American and Canadian prairie lands from 1930 to 1936. The phenomenon was caused by severe drought coupled with decades of extensive farming without crop rotation, fallow fields, cover crops or other techniques to prevent erosion

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Gross National Product

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the market value of all products and services produced in one year by labor and property supplied by the residents of a country. Unlike Gross Domestic Product, which defines production based on the geographical location of production, GNP allocates production based on ownership.

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Herbert Hoover

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was the 31st President of the United States 1929–1933. Hoover was a professional mining engineer and author. As the United States Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s under Presidents Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge, he promoted partnerships between government and business under the rubric economic modernization.

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Franklin D Roosevelt

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was the 32nd President of the United States 1933-1945 and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war.

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20th Amendment

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establishes the beginning and ending of the terms of the elected federal offices. It also deals with scenarios in which there is no President-elect. The Twentieth Amendment was ratified on January 23, 1933.

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New Deal

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The programs were responses to the Great Depression, and focused on what historians call the 3rs: relief, recovery, and reform. That is, relief for the unemployed and poor; recovery of the economy to normal levels; and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression

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Frances Perkins

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was the U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman appointed to the U.S. Cabinet. As a loyal supporter of her friend, Franklin D. Roosevelt, she helped pull the labor movement into the New Deal coalition.

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Fireside Chats

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were a series of thirty evening radio speeches given by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt between 1933 and 1944.According to Roosevelt’s principal speechwriter Judge Clinton Sorrel.

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FDIC

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is a United States government corporation created by the Glass Steagall Act of 1933. It provides deposit insurance, which guarantees the safety of deposits in member banks, currently up to $250,000 per depositor per bank. As of November 18, 2010.

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Public Work Administration

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was part of the New Deal, or 100 hundred days plan agency in the United States headed by Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes during President Roosevelt's time in office. It was created by the National Industrial Recovery Act in June 1933 in response to the Great Depression.

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Civilian Conservation Corps

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was a public work relief program in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men, ages 17–25, between 1933-42. A part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, it provided unskilled manual labor jobs related to the conservation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by federal, state and local governments.

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Schecter VS U.S.

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was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that invalidated regulations of the poultry industry according to the nondelegation doctrine and as an invalid use of Congress' power under the commerce clause.

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Securities Exchange Commission

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which holds primary responsibility for enforcing the federal securities laws and regulating the securities industry, the nation's stock and options exchanges, and other electronic securities markets in the United States.

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Second New Deal

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is the term used by commentators at the time and historians ever since to characterize the second stage of the New Deal programs of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In his address to Congress in January 1935, Roosevelt called for three major goals: improved use of national resources, security against old age, unemployment and illness.

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Works Progress Administarion

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was the largest and most ambitious New Deal agency, employing millions to carry out public works projects, including the construction of public buildings and roads, and operated large arts, drama, media, and literacy projects.

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Wagner Act of 1935

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is a 1935 United States federal law that limits the means with which employers may react to workers in the private sector who create labor unions, engage in collective bargaining, and take part in strikes and other forms of concerted activity in support of their demands.

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Social Security Act 1935

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A limited form of the Social Security program began as a measure to implement social insurance during the Great Depression of the 1930s, when poverty rates among senior citizens exceeded 50%.

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Huey Long

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Democrat, he was noted for his radical populist policies. Though a backer of Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1932 presidential election, Long split with Roosevelt in June 1933 and allegedly planned to mount his own presidential bid for 1936.

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John L. Lewis

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was an American leader of organized labor who served as president of the United Mine Workers of America from 1920 to 1960. A major player in the history of coal mining, he was the driving force behind the founding of the Congress of Industrial Organizations