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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Language
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the meaningful arrangement of sounds
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psycholinguistics
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the study of the psychology of language
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phonemes
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discrete sounds that make up words but carry no meanings
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morphemes
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made up of phonemes; the smallest units of meaning in language
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syntax
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the arrangement of words into sentences as prescribed by a particular language
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morphology
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grammar rules
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prosody
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tone inflections, accents and other aspects of pronunciation that carry meaning...like the icing on the cake
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Noam Chomsky
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important figure in psycholinguistics
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transformational grammar
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differentiates between surface structure and deep structure in language
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Surface structure
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is the way that words are organized
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deep structure
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the underlying meaning of the sentences
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language acquisition device (LAD)
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inborn ability to adopt generative grammar rules of the language they hear
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overregularization
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the overapplication of the grammar rules
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overextension
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generalizing with names for things
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telegraphic speech
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referes to speech without the articles or extras
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holophrastic speech
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when a young child uses one word (holophrases) to convey a whole sentence. "Me" may mean "give that to me"
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Girls are _____ than boys
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Girls are faster and more accurate with language learning than boys are
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Bilingual children are slower at
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language learning
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Reading and writing are
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are processed in the same regions of the brain as producing and understand speech, but with slight differences
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Children
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usually use nouns first, then verbs..the first phrases children usually speak consist of one noun and one verb, or two nouns
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Benjamin Whorf
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posited that language, or how a culture says things, influences that culture's perspective. This whorfian hypothesis has been used an an argument for the important of nonsexist language.
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Roger Brown
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researched the areas of ocial, developmental and linguistic psychology. Children's understanding of grammatical rules develops as they make hypotheses about how syntax works and then self correct with experience.
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Katherine Nelson
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found that language really begins to devlop with the onset of active speech rather than during the first year of only listening
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William Lanov
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studied "Black" English (Ebonics) and found that it had its own complex internal structure
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Lev Vygotsky and Alexander Luria
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Russia's best known psychologists, altered by interpersonal experience. Language is a tool involved in the development of abstract thinking
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Charles Osgood
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studied semantics
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