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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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kinematics |
study of motion without consideration of forces |
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statics |
study of systems where forces are in equilibrium |
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dynamics |
study of relationship between motion and forces |
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centripetal acceleration formula |
a = v^2 / r this acceleration produced by a force directed radially inwards (centripetal force). in gravitational orbital motion this is the force of gravity. |
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Newton's law of gravitation formula |
F = G m M / r^2 the acceleration due to gravity derived by removing m from either side |
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acceleration due to gravity formula |
g = G M / r^2 |
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active force definition |
a force independent of other forces eg. weight |
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passive force definition |
a force that adjusts ints magnitude / direction in response to other forces eg. tension, normal reaction |
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inertial reference frame |
situations where the observer is not accelerating. Newton's laws apply here |
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non-inertial reference frame |
situations where observer is accelerating eg spinning with the Earth. when Newton's laws apply we need to include 'pseudo" forces / "fictitious" forces eg. F = ma becomes F - ma = 0 ma is the pseudo force, 0 means no acceleration |
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name the fictitious forces that occur when we use a frame of reference that rotates with the Earth |
Coriolis force, Centrifugal force |
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Coriolis force details |
- acts perpendicular to direction of motion - turns motion to right in N hemisphere - turns motion to left in S hemisphere - means in N hem, winds turn anti-clockwise around low pressure systems |
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centrifugal force formula |
F = m v^2 / r |
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work formula |
W = F s cos θ |
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change in gravitational potential energy formula, where g is constant |
U = mgh |
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change in gravitational potential energy formula, where g is NOT constant |
U = -G m M / r U is equal to zero at large distances from Earth by convention and so negative everywhere. NOT VALID in interior of Earth. |
