Grant A & P Chap 1,3,4

Front 1

The Human form shown upright, hands at the sides, palms forward, and feet together is in the _______ Position.

Back 1

Anatomical

Front 2

A person lying face down is in the _______ position.

Back 2

Prone

Front 3

The frontal plane divides the body into the ______ and ________ portions

Back 3

Anterior / Posterior

Front 4

The diaphragm separates the abdominopelvic and ______ cavities.

Back 4

Thoracic

Front 5

The layer of the pericardium covering the heart is the ______ pericardium.

Back 5

Visceral

Front 6

________ is an anatomical term meaning "toward an attached base".

Back 6

Proximal

Front 7

_________ is an anatomical term meaning "above or at a higher level.:

Back 7

Superior

Front 8

The term ______ means "the study of internal and external structures and the physical relationships between body parts."

Back 8

Anatomy

Front 9

________ is the study of how living organisms perform their vital functions.

Back 9

Physiology

Front 10

_______ are the smallest living units in the body.

Back 10

Cells

Front 11

The pleural cavity surrounds what organ?

Back 11

Lung

Front 12

The study of the effects of diseases on organ or system functions

Back 12

Pathology

Front 13

adjustments made to maintain a stable internal enviroment.

Back 13

Homeostatic Regulation

Front 14

An initial homeostatic response that reinforces a stimulus.

Back 14

Positive Feedback

Front 15

Serious membrane lining the peritoneal cavity.

Back 15

Peritoneum

Front 16

Region of the body that includes the neck.

Back 16

Cervical

Front 17

The part of homeostatic regulation the is sensitive to a particular environmental change of stimulus.

Back 17

Receptor

Front 18

The part of homeostatic regulation that responds to commands to reinforce a stimulus.

Back 18

Effector

Front 19

What is the watery medium surrounding a cell called.

Back 19

Extracellular fluid &
Interstitial Fluid

Front 20

What part of the cell surrounds the nucleus but is separated from the outside by a cell membrane?

Back 20

Interstitial Fluid

Front 21

Intracellular structures are collectively know as

Back 21

Organelles

Front 22

_________ is the net movement of molecules from an area of relatively high concentration to an area of relatively low concentration.

Back 22

Molecular dispersion

Front 23

What is the diffusion of water across a cell membrane called?

Back 23

Osmosis

Front 24

Which solution does not cause the net movement of water into or out of red blood cell.

Back 24

Isotonic

Front 25

Which solution causes the movement of water into a red blood cell, causing it to swell and possibly lyse, or burst?

Back 25

Hypotonic

Front 26

Glucose is passively transported across the cell membrane by binding to a receptor site on a carrier protein in a process called _____

Back 26

Assisted Diffusion

Front 27

Which solution causes a red blood cell to lose water, causing the cell to shrink and dehydrate?

Back 27

Hypotonic

Front 28

Lactated Ringers and normal saline are examples of what type of IV fluid?

Back 28

Crystalloid

Front 29

_______ produces vesicles containing solid objects that may be as large as the cell itself, then breaks down the contents using the digestive enzymes in lysosomes.

Back 29

Phagocytosis

Front 30

_____ are the internal cellular structures that perform specific functions essential to normal cell structures, maintenance, and metabolism

Back 30

Organelles

Front 31

The endoplasmic reticulum has what function (s)

Back 31

Storage and Transport of molecules or materials.

Neutralization of drugs and toxins.

Synthesis of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids

Front 32

The organelles that manufacture proteins, using information provided by the DNA of the nucleus are called what?

Back 32

Ribosomes

Front 33

Prefix Meaning "Inside"

Back 33

Endo-

Front 34

Prefix meaning "blood"

Back 34

Hemo-

Front 35

Prefix meaning "above"

Back 35

Hyper-

Front 36

Prefix meaning "below"

Back 36

Hypo-

Front 37

vesicles filled with digestive enzymes

Back 37

Lysosomes

Front 38

Renews or modifies the cell membrane

Back 38

Golgi apparatus

Front 39

Small organelles that provide energy for the cell

Back 39

Mitochondria

Front 40

Also known as cellular respiration

Back 40

Aerobic Metabolism

Front 41

Control center for cellular operations

Back 41

Nucleus

Front 42

What are the essential functions of epithelial cells?

Back 42

Control Permeability

Provide physical protection

Produce specialized secretions

Front 43

________ are responsible for engulfing damaged cells or pathogens that enter the tissue.

Back 43

Mast cells

Front 44

______ are proteins that destroy invading microorganisms.

Back 44

Antibodies

Front 45

The watery matrix in blood is called

Back 45

Plasma

Front 46

The red blood cell accounts for almost ____ of the volume of blood.

Back 46

50%
1/2
or half

Front 47

The pleural lining of the lungs is an example of what kind of membrane?

Back 47

Serous

Front 48

What type of muscle is also known as striated voluntary muscle because it is controlled by the nervous system and had a straiated appearance

Back 48

Skeletal

Front 49

The ______ membrane lines the digestive, respiratory and reproductive tracts

Back 49

Mucous

Front 50

The majority of neural tissue is found where?

Back 50

Brain and Spinal Cord

Front 51

The first phase of tissue injury, where it is isolated from neighboring healthy tissue. is called what?

Back 51

Inflammation

Front 52

A decreaded in tissue size resulting from decreased use is? -- Clinical example: A paraplegic who has lower extrimity muscle loss.

Back 52

Atrophy

Front 53

Replacement of one type of cell by another type of cell that is not normal is? -- Clinical example: Replacement of columar epithelial cells in the bronchus by squamous cells.

Back 53

Metaplasia

Front 54

An increase in cell size from an increased workload is? -- Clinical example: A right ventricle becomes enlarged due to a respiratory disease.

Back 54

Hypertrophy

Front 55

A change in cell size, shape, or appearance caused by an external stresor is? -- Clinical Example: A change in the appearance of the skin due to long term exposure in the sun or smoking.

Back 55

Dysplasia

Front 56

An increase in the number of cells resulting from a increase workload.-- Clinical example: Growth of the uterus during pregnancy.

Back 56

Hyperplasia

Front 57

The destructive phase of metabolism is called?

Back 57

Catabolism

Front 58

Oxygen deficiency, the most common cause of cellular injury is called?

Back 58

Hypoxia

Front 59

Blockage or reduction of the delivery of oxygenated blood to the cell is called?

Back 59

Ischemia

Front 60

The construction phase of metabolism is called?

Back 60

Anabolism

Front 61

Normal arterial pH is:

Back 61

7.35 - 7.45

Front 62

Respiratory acidosis is caused by:

Back 62

Retention of CO2 and decrease in pH

Front 63

Which type of cellular injury is caused by pathogen?

Back 63

Immunologic

Front 64

This system defends against infection and disease

Back 64

Lymphatic system

Front 65

The Liver is found in the ......

Back 65

Right Upper Quadrant

Front 66

The Spleen is found in the ....

Back 66

Left upper quadrant

Front 67

Which of the following is labeled as part of the extracellular fluid?

Back 67

Inerstitial

Front 68

Which of the following organelles produce ATP?

Back 68

Mitochondria

Front 69

Which of the following controls metabolism and stores DNA ?

Back 69

Nucleus

Front 70

When places in a _____ solution, a cell will lose water through osmosis.

Back 70

Hypertonic