Grammar And Literary Terms

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metaphor

Back 1

the comparison of two unlike objects using the verb "to be"

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simile

Back 2

the comparison of two unlike objects using like or as

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personification

Back 3

the attribution of human characteristics to an inanimate object

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imagery

Back 4

the act of making a picture with words (most poems use imagery)

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alliteration

Back 5

the repetition of the same initial consonant in 2 or more words in a line of poetry or a sentence

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assonance

Back 6

the repetition of the same initial vowel sound in 2 or more words in a line of poetry of a sentence

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noun

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a word or word group that is used to name a person, a place, or an idea

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pronoun

Back 8

a word that is used in place of one or more nouns or pronouns

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Reflexive pronoun

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refers to the subject of a sentence and functions as a complement or as an object of a preposition

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Intensive pronoun

Back 10

emphasizes its antecedent and has no grammatical function (sentence still makes sense when it is taken out)

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demonstrative pronoun

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used to point out a specific person - this, that, these, those "That is my dog"

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interrogative pronoun

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introduces a question - who, whom, which, what, whose

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relative pronoun

Back 13

introduces a subordinate clause- that, which, who, whom, whose
"The ship that you saw is here"

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adjective

Back 14

word that is used to modify a noun or pronoun

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demonstrative adjective

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this, that, these, those
"This picture is pretty"

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verb

Back 16

a word that is used to express action or a state of being

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adverb

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modifies a verb, and adjective, or another adverb

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preposition

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a word that shows the relationship of a noun or a pronoun to another noun

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conjunction

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a word that joins words or word groups

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coordinating conjunction

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joins words or word groups that are used in the same way
"streets and sidewalks"
"I had the number, but I lost it"

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correlative conjunctions

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are pairs of conjunctions that join words or word groups that are used in the same way
"either you have it, or you don't" (either....or)

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interjection

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a word that expresses emotion.

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subject

Back 23

tells whom or what subject is about

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predicate

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says something about subject

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expletive

Back 25

a word such as here or there (adverbs telling where sometimes) fill out a sentence structure. here or there are almost never subjects.

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complement

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word or word group that completes the meaning of a verb

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subject complement

Back 27

word or word group in predicate that identifies or describes the subject

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predicate nominative

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a word or word group that is in the predicate and that identifies the subject or refers to it

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predicate adjective

Back 29

adjective that is in the predicate and that modifies the subject

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direct object

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the noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb
answers whom or what

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indirect object

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the noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb
answers to whom or to what

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4 types of sentences

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declarative (statement), imperative (command or request), interrogative, exclamatory

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prepositional phrase

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includes a preposition, the object of the preposition, and any modifiers of that object

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adjective phrase

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prepositional phrase that modifies a noun or pronoun

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adverb phrase

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prepositional phrase that modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb