Gram-Negative Rods/spirals

Front 1

Vibrio species:
(1) oxidase
(2) motility
(3) serogrouping

Back 1

(1) oxidase-pos
(2) single polar flagellum
(3) O and H antigens

Front 2

Vibrio cholerae

Epidemiology:
(1) human disease serotypes
(2) historic epidemics of what?
(3) risk factors
(4) infection source

Back 2

(1) O1, O139
(2) diarrhea
(3) H. pylori, O blood type
(4) contaminated water, food

Front 3

Vibrio cholerae

Pathogenesis:
(1) pathogen or toxin-caused?
(2) effects of toxin

Back 3

(1) toxin
(2) decreased Na+ absorption, increased Cl- secretion

Front 4

Vibrio cholerae

Symptoms:
(1) pos sx
(2) neg sx
(3) gen appearance
(4) serious complication
(5) unique in children
(6) pregnant woman prognosis

Back 4

(1) watery diarrhea, vomit
(2) strain, tenesmus, abd pain
(3) sunken eyes, dry mucous
(4) acute renal failure
(5) seizures, fever
(6) fetal loss in 50% cases

Front 5

Vibrio cholerae

Treatment:
(1) FIRST thing to do
(2) type of drugs
(3) vaccine

Back 5

(1) rehydration (Ringer's lactate)
(2) antimicrobials
(3) ideal vaccine not available

Front 6

Vibrio parahaemolyticus:
(1) sources
(2) pos sx
(3) deaths in which pop?
(4) treatment

Back 6

(1) shellfish
(2) watery diarrhea, desentery, gastro
(3) elderly, kids, immunocomp'd
(4) tetracyclines, quinolones

Front 7

Vibrio vulnificus:
(1) mortality rate
(2) natural habitat?
(3) population affected?
(4) pos sx
(5) treatment

Back 7

(1) 25%
(2) marine environ
(3) immunocomp'd
(4) fever, chills, low BP, skin lesions
(5) tetracyclines, quinolone

Front 8

Campylobacter

General Characteristics:
(1) best growth conditions
(2) sources
(3) isolation techniques

Back 8

(1) microaerophilic, C. jejuni = 42 C
(2) undercooked meat
(3) filtration

Front 9

Campylobacter:
virulence factors (5)

Back 9

(1) flagella
(2) high-MW plasmid
(3) PEB1 antigen
(4) C. jejuni = O antigen
(5) C. fetus = serum-resistant capsule

Front 10

Campylobacter

Treatment:
(1) diagnosis
(2) sx for presumptive therapy
(3) resistance

Back 10

(1) stool, blood culture
(2) fever, bloody diarrhea, >8 BMs/day
(3) increasing to macrolides, quinolones

Front 11

Campylobacter jejuni:
(1) common sx
(2) commonly affected age group?
(3) clinical manifestations (6)

Back 11

(1) diarrhea
(2) under 2 years
(3) acute enteritis,
acute colitis,
pseudoappendicitis,
bacteremia,
Guillain-Barre,
reactive arthritis

Front 12

Campylobacter fetus:
clinical manifestations (4)

Back 12

(1) diarrhea
(2) bacteremia
(3) vasc infections
(4) CNS infections

Front 13

Helicobacter pylori

Characteristics:
(1) enzyme production
(2) motility
(3) virulence factors + role

Back 13

(1) urease: urea -> NH3
(2) corkscrew motion
(3) CagA = gastric cancer
VacA = immunosuppressive

Front 14

Helicobacter pylori:
clinical manifestations (7)

Back 14

(1) chronic active gastritis
(2) pangastritis = gastric cancer/ulcers, less acid
(3) antral gastritis = duodenal ulcers, more acid
(4) peptic ulcer disease (cag+)
(5) gastric ulcers
(6) gastric cancer
(7) MALT tumor

Front 15

Helicobacter pylori

Treatment:
(1) diagnosis
(2) don't treat which pts?
(3) drugs

Back 15

(1) endoscopy, urea breath test
(2) children, non-ulcer, asymptomatic
(3) acid suppressant + antibiotic