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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Industrial Revolution |
in the late 18th C, factory machines began replacing hand tools and manufacturing replaced farming as the main form of work |
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immigration |
when people settle in a new country |
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unemployment |
when people do not have jobs occurred after WWII |
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Bessemer Process |
a new way of making steel developed in the 1850s that causes steel production to soar |
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Chicago World's Fair |
World's Fair that showed off American technology |
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Transcontinental Railroad |
a railroad that spanned the entire continent and connected the east and the west Vanderbilt |
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Alexander Graham Bell |
invented the first telephone |
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light bulb |
invented by Thomas Edison promoted the building of skyscrapers |
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telephone |
invented by Alexander Graham Bell, innovation in communication |
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Ferris wheel |
bicycle wheel in the sky invented by Ferris |
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Thomas Edison |
invented the light bulb |
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Standard time |
the system adopted in 1918 that divided the United States into 4 time zones |
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John Rockefeller |
dominated the oil industry in late 1800's and early 1900's |
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Pullman Strike |
Pullman Place Car Company workers began a strike after their pay was cut 25%; it was a strike that spread throughout the rail industry convinced US rail workers to refuse to handle Pullman cars resolved when President Cleveland called out federal troops who ended the strike and imprisoned Eugene Debs (union president) |
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AFL |
founded by Samuel Gompers, American Federation of Labor focused on improving working conditions by using strikes, boycotts, and negotiations, the AFL won shorter hours and better pay for its workers |
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Andrew Carnegie |
dominated the steel industry in late 1800s/early 1900s |
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Eugene Debs |
president of the American Railway Union who organized the Pullman Strike and was put in jail |
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Samuel Gompers |
founder and president for 37 years of the AFL |
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Urbanization |
the growth of cities that resulted from increasing numbers of factory jobs and more workers needed to fill those jobs |
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Tenement |
an apartment house that is usually run down and overcrowded a place where new immigrants would live when they first arrived in America |
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sewing machine |
invented by Isaac Singer, it revolutionized and commercialized the process of making clothes, making it possible to make clothes on a large scale caused people to buy clothes instead of making them at home themselves |
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Tammany Hall |
a political machine (organization that trades favors for votes) in New York City, led by William Marcy Tweed Tweed stole enormous sums of money from the City |
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Angel Island |
the island where Asian immigrants landed in San Francisco Bay filthy buildings where most Asian immigrants were held for several weeks |
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Ellis Island |
the island in NY Harbor where European immigrants were processed before they could enter the US |
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Melting Pot |
term used to describe the US as a place where cultures blend |
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Chinese Exclusion Act |
an act passed in 1882 that halted Chinese immigration for 10 years |
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Supreme Court |
highest federal court in the United States one of the 3 branches of government |
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Plessy vs. Ferguson |
a case that allowed Southern states to maintain segregated institutions |
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separate by equal |
the argument used during the Plessy v. Ferguson case that argues that separate but equal facilities did not violate the 14th Ammendment |
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Jim Crow |
laws that enforced segregation |
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Mass culture |
a common culture experienced by large numbers of people American mass culture was created by education |
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Jazz |
based off of Ragtime, a blend of African songs and European musical forms popular in black communities from New Orleans to Chicago uniquely American form of music |
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Vaudeville |
a form of live entertainment featuring a mixture of song, dance and comedy |
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department stores |
sold everything from clothing to furniture to hardware this industrialized the commercial business because it caused people to shop more |
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direct primary |
voters rather than party conventions chose candidate to run for public office |
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Initiative |
this reform allowed voters to propose a law directly |
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Referendum |
in this reform, a proposed law was submitted tot the vote of the people |
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Recall |
this reform allowed people to vote an official out of office |
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Corporation |
business owned by investors who buy part of the company through shares of stock |
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Trust |
a legal body created to hold stock in many companies, often in the same industry |
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Upton Sinclair |
socialist writer (muckraker) who wrote about bad conditions in the meat packing district in Chicago in his book, The Jungle reform in the meatpacking district followed |
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The Jungle |
book written by Upton Sinclair about the conditions in the Chicago meatpacking district that caused President Roosevelt to want to reform food preparation conditions |
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suffrage |
the right to vote |
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Jane Addams |
a social reformer who created the Hall House for immigrants to live worked to improve working/living conditions for new immigrants |
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton |
First president of NAWSA fought for women's suffrage |
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Imperialism |
the policy by which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker nations and territories |
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Spanish American War |
war in 1898 that began when the US demanded Cuba's independence from Spain |
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sphere of influence |
Area where foreign nations claim special rights and economic privileges |
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Open Door Policy |
In 1899 the US asked nations involved in Asia to follow a policy in which no one controlled trade with China |
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Boxer Rebellion |
In 1900 Chinese resentment to foreigners attitudes of cultural superiority resulted in this violent uprising |
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Panama Canal |
a short cut through Panama that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans |
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Roosevelt Corollary |
a doctrine the would prevent European intervention in Latin America also authorize the US to act as a policeman in that region |
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19th Amendment |
women's suffrage |
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17th Amendment |
provided for the direct election of US Senators but voters in each state |
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Clayton Anti-trust act |
laid down new rules for bidding business practices that lessened competition
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Progressivism |
to attack problems or corruption and to create reform |
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Susan B Anthony |
second president of NAWSA fought for women's suffrage |
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Carrie Catt |
president of NAWSA during WWI |
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USS Maine |
a US battleship whose destruction was the beginning of the US' role in the Spanish American War |
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Rough Riders |
the first US volunteer calvary |
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Platt Amendment |
gave the US the right to intervene in Cuban affairs anytime there was a threat to life, property and individual libertyCuba also had to allow a US naval base at Guantanamo Bay |
