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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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earthquakes sometimes cause monstrous waves called
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tsunamis
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trembling or shaking of the earth's crust
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earthquake
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a break that appears at the boundary between two moving masses of rock
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fault
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the place at ground level that is directly above the focus of an earthquake
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epicenter
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point underground where an earthquake begins
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focus
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allows molten rock and hot gases to escape from within the earth
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volcano
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created when trapped gases blast through the earth's surface
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vent
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with depth the temperature of rocks
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increases
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occurs when natural acids slowly eat into a rock, breaking it apart
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chemical weathering
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the measurement of an earthquake's strength
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magnitude
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scientists who study the structure of the earth
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geologists
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the study of earthquakes
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seismology
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the processs by which new soil is formed as rocks crumble and break into smaller pieces
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weathering
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the boundary between the earth's crust and its mantle
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Moho or Mohorovicic discontinuity
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the underwater mountain ranges
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mid-oceanic ridges
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a volcano that has been active at some time in recorded history, but not recently
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dormant
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a volcano that produces lava fountains or fire curtains
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Hawaiian
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a volcano that has not erupted in recorded history
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extinct
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a volcano that has erupted recently
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active
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a volcano characterizied by hot clouds of gas and dust that it expels
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Plinian
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magma that has reached the earth's surface
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lava
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runs along the edge of the Pacific Ocean, named for its many volcanoes
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Ring of Fire
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a depression found at the top of a volcano
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crater
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holes or cracks which serve as escape vents for underground gases
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fumaroles
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smaller fragments of molten rock that solidify almost instantly are
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tephra
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