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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Be able to describe the factions that support and oppose a tougher policy on illegal immigration |
Democratic opposes tougher policy, republican likes tougher policy. |
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How are immigration pressures in Europe similar to immigration pressures in the US? How are they different? |
They are similar because they both want to get rid of illegal immigrants. They are different because while Europe wants this for political and social reasons, the United States wants this for economic reasons. |
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What percent of gun deaths in the world occur in Latin America? |
40% |
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To what can we attribute more deaths in Latin America: drug trafficking or interstate conflict? |
drug trafficking |
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which country has the highest homicide rate? the lowest? |
highest=honduras lowest=chile |
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what is narcoterrorism? |
terrorism associated with trade in illegal drugs |
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why might some argue that US domestic policy is partially behind some of the violence in Mexico? |
The US has not legalized marijuana |
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What is an executive order? |
an order issued by the president, backed by the force of law. Can be used to shape issues that are too controversial to allow direct congress action |
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What is DACA? DAPA? |
DACA- Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (immigration policy that allows illegal immigrants who entered the country before their 16th birthday and before June 2007 to recieve a renewable work permit and exemption from deportation DAPA- Deffered Action for Parental Accountability (immigration policy that grants deferred action status (allows them to stay) to certain illegal immigrants who have lived in the US since 2010 and have children who are American citizens |
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Why might some argue that these actions are unconstitutional? Why might some argue that they are within the executive's power? |
President should not be involved in immigration matters, and he's supposed to encourage every political office to function well (when he's doing the opposite). Because they agree with policies, also believe Congress wouldn't be able to pass anything |
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What is the estimated cost of these actions? |
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To whom did the Bill of Rights originally apply? Why? |
The Bill of Rights originally applied to the federal government because the nation after revolution feared a strong central power |
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By what process was the Bill of Rights made applicable to state action? what is meant by selective incorporation? |
Process-selective incorporation Selective incorporation means that states cannot take away rights given in the Bill of Rights; first started applying the Bill of Rights to the states along with the federal government |
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west Virginia v. Barnette 1943 |
compelling interest test |
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Wisconsin v. Yoder 1972 |
compelling interest test |
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Employment Division v. Smith 1990 |
general applicability test |
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Religious Freedom Restoration Act City of Boerne v. Flores 1997 |
general applicability test |
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Gonzalez v. o Centro Espirita Beneficiente Uniao Do Vegetal 2006 |
compelling interest test |
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Burwell v. Hobby Lobby 2014 |
compelling interest test |
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what standard does the court use when it comes use when it comes to whether or not a federal law has violated the Free Exercise Clause? A state law? |
compelling interest test (compelling state interest test for states)- only if government has a compelling interest in the case (i.e. if there is a valid reason to deny an aciton, such as harm to the person or others), they can say no to that religious expression. General applicability-if the religious practice breaks a neutral law, it can be denied; this standard was removed by the religious freedom act of 1993 |
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Roth v. United States 1957 |
obscenity |
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Miller v. California 1973 |
obscenity |
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Brandenburg v. Ohio 1969 |
political speech |
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Citizens United States v. FEC 2010 |
campaign finance |
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Texas v. Johnson 1989 |
flag burning |
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Cohen v. California 1971 |
offensive speech |
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Morse v. Frederick 2007 |
offensive speech |
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NY Time v. United States 1971 |
no prior restraint |
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New York Time Company v. Sullivan 1964 |
defamation |
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what is the difference between lible and slander |
lible is written slander is spoken |
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D.C v. Heller 2008 |
incorporation of the 2nd amendment |
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what is NRA? |
the national rifle association of america (NRA) is an american nonprofit organization which advocates for gun rights |
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Mapp v. Ohio 1961 |
incorporation of the Exclusionary Rule 4th amendment |
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Miranda v. Arizona 1965 |
incorporation of the right to not incriminate one's self 5th amendment |
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Gideon v. Wainwright 1963 |
incorporation of the right to a lawyer 6th amendment |
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Gregg v. Georgia 1976 |
death penalty in neither cruel nor unusual |
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Atkins v. Virginia 2002 |
death penalty cannot be used against the mentally handicap |
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Roper v. Simmons 2005 |
death penalty cannot be used against minors |
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Kennedy v. Louisiana 2008 |
death penalty cannot be used for child rape |
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what are some of the statistics associated with the estimated amount of crime committed versus the number of prisons incarcerated for those crimes? |
-24 million victimized each year (survey) -12.2 million serious offenses reported to the police -1.7 million persons arrested for serious offenses -0.7 million prisoners received punishment |
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what are some of the obstacles to the development of a rational policy in dealing with crime? |
- rational policy= deterrence= less crime - certainty- crime will be followed by costly punishment - swift- long delays in punishment break the link between the criminal act and its consequences -severity- punishment must clearly outweigh whatever benefits are derived from a life of crime |
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what are some of the arguments made about the cause of crime? |
lack of homogeneity - socialization - irrationality of individuals - Socioeconomics forces |
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who is J.S Mill? |
a political philosopher of the 19th century so stated a person should be free to do as he pleases as long as he does no harm to others |
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what are some policy measures that have been implemented to reduce rime? has crime been reduced? |
the death penalty, rational policy, certain swift punishment |
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what is public opinion on the death penalty? |
65% for the death penalty, 31% against |
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int he last 30 years have the numbers of those on death row increased or decreased? |
increased |
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why might some argue that gender discrimination exists with regards to capital punishment? |
more men have been seen on death row and actually put to death than woman even appearance for death row |
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on average with regards to the cost of the death penalty, does it cost more to keep spme |
It costs more to keep someone in prison |
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What is RICO? |
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act- allows victims of organized crime to sue those responsible for damages |
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What is anarchy in terms of IR theory? |
the absence of a central authority that sits above states and can protect them from one another |
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Who is more optimistic, liberals or realists? |
liberals |
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Who was Machiavelli? What did he write? Which important realist concept did he introduce? |
An italian historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher, humanist and writer based in Florence during the Renaissance. The Prince. The ends justify the means (you can use bad ideas to achieve success); political necessity v virtue |
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Why do realists argue that it is hard for states to cooperate in the international system? |
anarchy:nations can cheat on their agreements -statesfear becoming dependent; in a self-help world, driven by a desire for survival,states will be acutely aware of their own relative power positions. -relativegains: instead of worrying about the absolute size of ones slice of the pie,states will be more concerned with the size of their slice relative to others
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What is power? What does power consist of? |
Latent power + actual power; actual power is what you currently have, latent power is something that can eventually become power like technology |
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What is a bipolar system? An unbalanced multipolar system? What time periods in history are examples of each? |
2equal world powers competing for powers; not prone to conflict Ex: US and Soviet Union during the Cold War.3+ nations are more prone to conflict since there are more nations Ex:France (potential hegemon),Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia during thenapoleonic wars; WW1 and WW2
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what is hegemony? why would it be difficult to achieve global hegemony?
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a state that is so powerful that id dominates the other states in the system (the only great power in the system). because regional hegemonies try to limit the rise of a global system.
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what do we mean by the stopping power of water? |
that it is hard to fight/ extend power to other countries that are overseas.
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what was the cold war? who were the protagonists?
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U.S + Western Europe (protagonists) v. Soviet Union + Eastern Europe wanted to stop communism |
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who is Kant?
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a German philosopher who is widely considered to be a central figure of modern philosophy. he argued that fundamental concepts structure human experience, and that reason is the source of morality.
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how is democracy supposed to make states more peaceful?
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it is run by the people and what they want rather than what the government wants.
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how does modern day democratic peace theory differ from Kant's original vision?
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the majority of people would never go to war unless for self-defense, therefore if all nations were republics it would end war because there would be no aggressors; whereas, modern day theory believes democracies don't attack each other.
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how do international institutions help states cooperate? how do they help to mitigate the impact of anarchy?
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push back time horizons (regularized interaction to form a long term relationship) - creating norms of reciprocity (tit-for-tat) - issue linkage (allows nations to easily come to agreement) - reputational effects for cheating - assignment for the responsibility and sanctioning of agreement |
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compelling interest test
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balancing sincere religious beliefs versus compelling state interest ( interest of government v. sincere individual religious beliefs) |
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general applicability test
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general applicability of the law ( if the law is generally applicable you cannot get out of it) |
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religious freedom restoration act 1993
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demanded supreme court go back and use the first test ( compelling interest test) not the new one (general applicability test)
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