Government [Chapter 5]

Front 1

Civil Rights

Back 1

set of rights centered around the concept of equal treatment that government is obliged to protect

Front 2

civil liberties

Back 2

those rights such as freedom of speech or religion, that are so fundamental that they are outside the authority of government to regulate

Front 3

discrimination

Back 3

favoring one person over another, usually on irrelevant grounds such as race or gender

Front 4

public discrimination

Back 4

discrimination by national, state, or local governments

Front 5

private discrimination

Back 5

discrimination by private individuals or businesses

Front 6

equal of opportunity

Back 6

expectation that citizens may or may not be discriminated against on account of race, gender, or national background, and that every citizen should have an equal chance to succeed in life

Front 7

equality of outcome

Back 7

expectation that equality is achieved if results are comparable for all citizens regardless of race, gender, or national background, or that such groups are proportionally represented in measures of success in life

Front 8

dred scott case

Back 8

supreme court decision declaring that blacks could not be citizens and congress could not ban slavery in the terretories

Front 9

missourri compromise

Back 9

prohibited slavery in territories north of the southern border of Missouri

Front 10

emancipation proclimation

Back 10

lincolns order ending slavery in states in rebellion

Front 11

black codes

Back 11

southern laws that prohibited freedmen from voting, owning land, or leaving their plantations

Front 12

13th amendment

Back 12

prohibits slavery in the united states

Front 13

14th amendment

Back 13

makes all people born in the united states citizens and prohibits states from denying person within its juristdiction the privilages or apportionment by whole persons

Front 14

15th amendment

Back 14

prohibits states from denying the right to vote on account of race

Front 15

19th amendment

Back 15

guarantees women the right to vote

Front 16

24th amendment

Back 16

prohibits poll taxes

Front 17

poll taxes

Back 17

tax on voting prohibited by the 24th amendment

Front 18

white primary

Back 18

election rules that prohibited blacks from voting in Democratic primaries

Front 19

grandfather clause

Back 19

election rules that exempted people from difficult literacy and interpretation tests for voting if their grandfathers had been eligible to vote

Front 20

literacy testes

Back 20

tests requiring reading and interpretation skills in order to vote

Front 21

jim crow laws

Back 21

southern laws that established strict segregation of the races

Front 22

Plessy v Ferguson

Back 22

separate but equal is constitutional. Homer Plessy is 1/8 black and was tried for sitting in the all white section

Front 23

suffrage

Back 23

movement to grant women the right to vote

Front 24

equal protection clause

Back 24

prevents states from denying any person the equal protection of the laws

Front 25

brown v board of education

Back 25

supreme court decision striking down segregated schools

Front 26

loving v virginia

Back 26

interracial couple married in D.C. and moved back to virginia. proved it legal to be married

Front 27

miscengenation

Back 27

interracial marraige and or sexual intercourse, often forbidden by state law until Loving v Virginia

Front 28

civil rights act of 1964

Back 28

prohibits discrimination in employment, education and places of public accommodation

Front 29

equal pay act

Back 29

prohibits different pay for males and females for the same work

Front 30

defense of marriage act

Back 30

federal law exempting states from any requirement to recognize same-sex marriages performed in other states

Front 31

civil union

Back 31

state laws that provide the benefits of marriage to same-sex couples without using the term marriage

Front 32

affirmative action

Back 32

policies that grant racial or gender preferences in hiring, education, or contracting

Front 33

bakke v california

Back 33

supreme court decision upholding affirmative action at colleges as long as there are no quotas

Front 34

De facto segregation

Back 34

separation by nature

Front 35

White Flight

Back 35

as non white people move in, white people move out