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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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divided government
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a government in which one party controls the White Houseand another party controls one or both houses of Congress
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unified government
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a government in which the same party controls both the White House and both houses of Congress
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representative democracy
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a political system in which leaders and representatives acquire political power by means of competitive struggle for the people's vote; (used by democratic nations)
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direct democracy
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a political system in which all or most citizens participate directly by either holding office or making policy; an example is the town meeting
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pyramid structure
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a method of organizing a president's staff in which most presidential assistants report through a hierarchy to the president's chief of staff
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circular structure
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a method of organizing a president's staff in which several presidential assistants report directly to the president
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ad hoc structure
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a method of organizing a president's staff in which several task forces, commitees, and informal groups of friends and advisors deal directly with the president
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perks
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a short for of perquisites, meaning "fringe benefits of office"; among the perks of political office for high-ranking officials are limousines, expense accounts, free ai travel, fancy offices, and staff assistants
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cabinet
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by custom, the cabinet includes the heads of teh fourteen major executive departments
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veto message
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one of two ways for a president to disapprove a bill sent to him by Congress; it must be sent to congress within ten days after the president receives a bill
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pocket veto
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one of two ways for a president to disapprove a bill sent to him by Congress; if the president does not sign the bill within ten days of his receiving it and Congress has adjourned within that time, the bill does not become a law
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line-item veto
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the power of an executive to veto some provisions in an appropriations bill while approving others; the president does not have the right to exercise this, he or she must approve or reject an entire appropriations bill
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trustee approach
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the view that an elected representative should act on his or her own best judgement of what public policy requires
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delegate model
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the view that an elected representative should represent the opinions of his or her constituents
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legislative veto
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the rejection of a presidential or administrative-agency action by a vote of one or both houses of Congress without the consent of the president; (declared unconstitutional by the supreme Court in 1983)
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impeachment
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a formal accusation against a public official by the lower house of a legislative body; not a conviction (this has happened to 2 presidents: Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton)
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lame duck
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a politician who is still in office after having lost a reelection bid
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