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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
judicial review
power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional and invalid.
judicial activism
making of a new lawthrough the interpretations of the Constitution.
judicial restraint
self imposed limitation on judicial power by judges. They should not read their own philosophies into the Constitution.
stare decisis
the issue has already been decided in earlier cases.
jurisdiction
power of a court to hear a case.
precedent
previous decisions should determine the outcome of current cases.
appellate jurisdiction
power of a court to review a decision from a lower court.
original jurisdiction
a court's power to hear a case for the 1st time.
U.S. Court of Appeals (Circuit Courts)
there are 12 total in the United States. Ohio is in the 6th Circuit; review cases from the lower courts
U.S. District Courts
the lower courts; handle civil and criminal cases.
- also diversity cases
- have original jurisdiction
U.S. Supreme Court
highest court
- 9 justices(appointed)
- all sit on every case
- review cases fro lower courts
- can have original jurisdiction if a diversity case
defendant
whom the suit is brought against.
criminal case
between the gov't and a private party
civil case
involves two private parties
- usually for money
plaintiff sues a defendant for damages or harm inflicted.
plaintiff
the person who is brings the case to the court for the harm and pain they have had inflicted.