Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
general indications for sublux/intersegmental dysfunction:
|
pain
swelling ischemia spasticity inflammation palpatory tenderness NEUROLOGIC DYSFUNCTION HYPO-MOBILITY |
|
|
Gonstead def of misalignment
|
subluxation ONLY when compression on the neural structures causes NERVE DYSFUNCTION
*bottom line: must have nerve dysfunction |
|
|
Gonstead said that for a misalignment to result at the fact joints,
|
a POSITIONAL DYSKINESIA must FIRST have occurred at the DISC
*facets are the last to know |
|
|
what is the job of the disc
|
shock absorption
|
|
|
As the disc is the PRIMARY WEIGHT BEARING structure of the functional spinal unit, Gonstead directs its primary force to that part of the joint
|
THROUGH THE PLANE OF THE DISC
|
|
|
Main function of FACET joint
|
guide and LIMIT movement of motion segments
NOT designed for weight bearing |
|
|
When a vertebra is subluxed, sev factors cause a reduction in the motion of the vert on its disc and relative to the vet above and below it. According to Gonstead, the cascade of events leading to a subluxation begins at the
|
DISC
*subluxation begins at the disc |
|
|
Gonstead believed there are MANY ______________ and FEW _______________
|
many compensations
few actual subluxations |
|
|
Compensations are ____-mobile.
|
HYPER, can involve one segment or many and occur in order to CORRECT BALANCE or equilibrium.
|
|
|
What compensates for lack of movement elsewhere in the spine?
|
COMPENSATIONS, of course.
|
|
|
does a radiograph singularly establish whether the misaligned segment is subluxated?
|
NO
never use the xray to make the final decision |
|
|
The _____ film provides clear analysis of the disc shape and dgenerative condition, and helps determine the posteriority of the segment.
|
LATERAL film = disc shape, degenerative condition, POSTERIORITY
|
|
|
The A-P film is required to determine the
|
SPINAL MISALIGNMENT characteristics and establish the LISTING of the subluxed segment
|
|
|
Gonstead recommended procedure to locate:
|
signs of nerve PRESSURE
disc INFLAMMATION HYPOmobility ***emphasis is on finding the NERVE involved |
|
|
The film is used to give
|
SUPPLEMENTAL information when other evidence is inconclusive, but should NEVER be used as the determining factor
|
|
|
Gonstead formula
|
FIND IT
ACCEPT IT FIX T LEAVE IT ALONE |
|
|
Gonstead believed it was the __________ of the adjusting technique that brought phenomenal results.
|
SPECIFICITY
|
|
|
The specificity of the adjustment is enhanced by the ____________
|
LISTING SYSTEM which enabled REPEATABILITY of any adjustment
|
|
|
REPEATABLITIY
|
LISTING system
|
|
|
Describe Gonstead pre-set up
|
Pre-stress but do NOT lock out (tenses the patient up)
|
|
|
The Gonstead thrust
|
SUSTAINED
MINIMAL depth NO recoil |
|
|
The LATERAL film demonstrates
|
EXTENSION & FLEXION malpositions
of the ATLAS and OCCIPUT |
|
|
The AP film shows
|
LATERALITY (superior or inferior)
ROTATION (anterior or posterior) |
|
|
If the lateral mass on the side of laterality appears WIDER on the OCCIPUT
|
then it is closer to you and has moved posteriorly
*vice versa: if appears narrow, then is farther away from you and has moved anteriorly |
|
|
the side of LATERALITY of the OCCIPUT is determined by
|
divergent lines (lines that go away from one another) because of the SHAPE of the articulating CONDYLE and the LATERAL MASS
|
|
|
When determining the side of laterality of the ATLAS, what should you IGNORE?
|
the size/width/measurement of the PARA-ODONTOID space
|
|
|
Rotation of the ATLAS is the opposite of occiput. When the lateral mass appears larger, it has moved
|
further away so is anterior. Yes, I know it's counterintuitive. Just memorize the normal perspective of occiput and remember the atlas is the opposite. Jerky.
|
|
|
When viewing a LATERAL cervical film, the point where the lines __________ indicates an INFERIOR misalignment.
|
INTERSECT
The closer the intersecting point is to the spine itself, the more inferior that vertebra is |
