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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
distance between crests
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wavelength
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vertical distance between crests and troughs
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height
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time for successive waves to pass a fixed point
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period
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waves do not interact with sea floor
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deep-water waves
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waves "feel" the ocean floor
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shallow-water waves
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bending of a line of wave crests
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refraction
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waves refract, bending toward headlands. Increases erosive power of waves on headlands.
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headlands
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sediment carried by swash and backwash along the beach
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longshore drift
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currents parallel to the beach within the surf zone
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longshore currents
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from where the waves begin to feel bottom to the surf zone
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offshore
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includes the surf zone, tidal flats, and swash zone
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foreshore
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from beyond the swash zone to the highest level of the beach
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backshore
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the inputs and outputs of sediment by erosion and sedimentation
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sand budget
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(jetties, groins) typically cause increased erosion down current of structure
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structural prevention
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(beach nourishment, land use planning) expensive, but don’t cause erosion in new areas
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nonstructural prevention
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far from a plate boundary (Eastern North America), little tectonic activity
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passive coastal margin
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associated with subduction. (Western North America, western South America)
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active coastal margin
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SOund, Navigation, And, Ranging
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SONAR
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movement of rock bodies past each other
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earthquake
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location of the earthquake movement
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fault
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site of initial rupture. Also called hypocenter
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focus
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point on surface above the focus
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epicenter
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the study of the travel of mechanical energy (released by earthquakes and explosions) through the Earth
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seismology
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an instrument used to measure the ground motion during an earthquake
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seismograph
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