Globalization

Front 1

Amnesty International

Back 1

NGO aimed at protecting human rights by raising awareness of human rights abuses.

Front 2

Antiglobalization movement

Back 2

A radical protest movement that is opposed to globalization. Argue that governments work to further interests of corps at expense of citizens.

Front 3

Asian Development Bank

Back 3

A regional development bank focused on Asia and Pacific, with aims and methods similar to World Bank. Goals: reducing poverty and promoting development through loans and assistance.

Front 4

Autarchy

Back 4

Autocratic government or state where the govertnment retains absolute sovereignty.

Front 5

Balance of Payments

Back 5

Economic measure of the total capital of a country's international economic transactions. Includes trade and monetary transfers to both non-residents within country and residents abroad.

Front 6

Barriers to Trade

Back 6

Government policies that restrict international trade such as import or export quotas or tariffs.

Front 7

Bilateral aid

Back 7

Assitance that is given directly by one country to another.

Front 8

Brain Drain

Back 8

The migration of trained professioinals from poor to rich countries, leading to a shortage of skilled technical workers or adept bureaucrats in sending countries.

Front 9

Cairo Declaration

Back 9

Nonbinding declaration signed in 1943 by Allies, returning territories taken by Japs-including Taiwan- to china. Controversial in regards to Taiwan's independent status.

Front 10

Camp David Accords

Back 10

Agreements signed in 1978 by Israel and Egypt, facilitated by Carter that led to Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty in 1979

Front 11

Cap-and-Trade system

Back 11

Pollution control technique used by govt to reduce emissions by placing overall cap and granting companies allowance or credit that can be traded

Front 12

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)

Back 12

technique that involves capturing and storing carbon emissions before released to atmosphere. Could reduce but long-term viability question.

Front 13

Cartagena Protocol

Back 13

international protocol on biosafety, stating that new products and technologies must abide by the precaution principle, placing concern on GM species and their effects.

Front 14

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Back 14

US agency tasked with developing methods to combat disease and promote health. Research used by US in setting policy about threats to national and global health.

Front 15

Clean air act

Back 15

legislation passed by congress in 1967 and ameded in 90 aimed to reduce air pollution by limiting auto and other emissions. Recent change: provisions dealing with acid rain and emissions trading programs.

Front 16

Clean development Mechanism (CDM)

Back 16

provision of kyoto protocol, allows industrialized countries fund emissions reductions in dev countries rather than own countries. Must be unachievable without aid of funding country

Front 17

Commission of the European Communities

Back 17

Executive branch of the European Union, now know as European Commission.

Front 18

Comparative advantage

Back 18

Eco theory that countries should devote resources to only outputs they produce most efficently and gain all other products through trade. If all specialize, all gain through trade.

Front 19

Crimes Against Humanity

Back 19

Crimes committed systematically against a civilian population--including murder, enslavement and apartheid.

Front 20

Cultural Revolution

Back 20

Period of power struggle in China 1966-1970s. Campaign eliminated "Old" customs, culture, habits and ideas by Red Guards

Front 21

Cyberterrorism

Back 21

An attack against a computer or network with intent to cause harm, for political or ideological ends.

Front 22

De minimus rule

Back 22

rule that determines wheter something is too minimal to be worth notice.

Front 23

Democratic Peace

Back 23

View that democracies are more peaceful than nondemocracies, especially towards toher democracies.

Front 24

Direct Foreign Investment (DFI)

Back 24

Investment in one country's industries by a company based in another country.

Front 25

Dirigisme

Back 25

economy directed by the govt or with heavy govt participation. Such economies can be capitalist or socialist. Most modern economies contain some level of dirigisme.

Front 26

Ecoterrorism

Back 26

use or threat of violence to advance an environmental agenda. i.e. sinking whaling ships

Front 27

Emissions Trading

Back 27

(see Cap-and-trade system)

Front 28

Enlightenment

Back 28

political ideology that emerged in Europe 1700s that human progress possible throught the systematic application of reason. Gaining credence during a time of optimism and concern for the rights of the individual... influenced Constitution and french declearation of rights of man and citizen

Front 29

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Back 29

US Govt agency that is charged with the protection of the environment and the nation's health. The EPA sets and enforces national environmental standards.

Front 30

European Court of Justice

Back 30

The European Union's highest court.

Front 31

Failed State

Back 31

State where the central govenrment no longer has effective control ove3r the territory within its borders. The degree of control tha must be retained by the govt to avoid this status is highly debated.

Front 32

Fossil fuels

Back 32

Fuels derived from hydrocarbons, often petroleum, coal or natual gases. These fuels are nonrenewable resource and their use produces greenhouse gases.

Front 33

Free trade

Back 33

A system of trade that is free from governemtn-imposed barriers (see barriers to trade).

Front 34

Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)

Back 34

A scale for determining the level of inequality between men and women, using both economic and political factors.