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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What region is located south of the Sahara Desert and experiences desertification?
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Sahel
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What are the causes of desertification?
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-overgrazing of animals
-clearing plants for crops -drought |
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What landform is most common in Africa?
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plateau
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What is the importance of the Great Rift Valley?
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Fertile soil & rich in minerals
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What were the four major kingdoms of West Africa?
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-Ghana
-Songhai -Benin -Mali |
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What are the four major climate zones of Africa?
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1. Mediterranean-best farming
2. Tropical Wet-most rain, poor farming 3. Tropical Wet/Dry-farm half the year. 4. Desert-warmest |
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What two products were traded and brought much wealth to West Africa?
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Gold & Salt
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What were Europeans interested in when came to Africa?
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1. Gold
2. Slaves 3. Land/Resources |
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What was a result of the Atlantic slave trade?
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1. thousands of Africans were taken from their homes each year
2. a trade network connecting Africa, Europe, & the Americas began 3. Racism towards Africans began to develop |
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How did the slave trade affect African communities?
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-families torn apart
-increased tribal warfare -economies destroyed |
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What were economic causes of Imperialism in Africa?
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Competition for raw materials & new markets to sell goods into.
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What were political causes of Imperialism in Africa?
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Competition for land to add to their empires
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What were religious causes of Imperialism in Africa?
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Spreading Christianity
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When was African territory divided up amongst the Europeans without the Africans' permission.
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Berlin Conference 1884
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What were three advantages of European control of Africa?
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-Education & Health Care
-Communication & transportation systems -Use of a money economy |
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What were three disadvantages of European control of Africa?
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-Africans did not have the same rights
-Government jobs were reserved for whites -Tribal traditions were interrupted |
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Who is the landowner in traditional families in Africa?
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Women/Mother
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What do Africans believe should be preserved?
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the earth/land
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What percentage of people practices each religion?
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Animism-60%, Christianity-20%, Islam-20%
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What tradition was developed to show that a wife was a valuable addition to the family?
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Bride Wealth
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In Animism, what is the role of the diviner?
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To communicate with the spirit world and natural world
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How did African countries win independence from their colonizers in Europe?
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Peaceful-boycotts
Violent-wars |
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What are some economic problems Africa must deal with?
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-reliance on imports -poor resource management
-producing 1 or 2 crops -multinational corporations |
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How have African countries tried to solve their economic problems?
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-develop industry
-borrow money -control prices -place tariffs on imports |
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Why are lender nations a problem to African countries?
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African countries owe them money they borrowed they use to rebuild their economies.
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What problem is caused because African families are so large?
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Overcrowding & overpopulation
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What is not allowed in authoritarian governments?
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-elections
-political freedoms -many political parties |
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What are the causes of political instability and wars in African countries?
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-ethnic rivalries and violence
-corrupt dictatorships -denying freedoms to citizens |
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Why have some countries allowed freedom of the press & elections?
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To show they are trying to become more democratic.
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What are the characteristics of More Developed Countries?
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-High-life expectancy, literacy rate, GDP, Urban Population
-Low-Population Growth, population under 15, Infant Mortality Rate |
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What do most Africans do for a living?
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Subsistence farmers
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How do tribes come to decisions?
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consensus
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Based on importance, what order did Europeans put people, resources, and land in Africa?
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1. Resources
2. Land 3. People |
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What religion was spread through the Gold-Salt trade?
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Islam
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What geographic feature helped to spread Judaism, Christianity, & Islam to the Eastern part of Africa?
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Nile River
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Who brought Christianity to West Africa?
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Europeans
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Why were Africans used as slaves in the American colonies?
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-Native Americans died of diseases
-Europeans wanted to make a profit on sugar |
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What was the difference between African and American forms of slavery?
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Africa-servants for a few years
America-slaves for life |
