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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Levels of Organization
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How biologists organized living/nonliving things by population..communities...and ecosystems
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Individual organism
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possessing the characteristics of life: orderly structre, produces offspring, grow, develop and adjust to changes in environment
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Population
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a group of organisms of the SAME species living in the same place at the same time
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Community
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a collection of several populations that interact with each other in a common environment
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Ecosystem
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Interaction of communities with the environment (the physicl surroundings or abiotic (not living) factors
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Biosphere
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portion of earth that supports life..from the deepest ocean, to the land, to the skies.
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Abiotic factors
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nonliving parts of an organisms environment such as temperature, air currents, moisture, light, and soil
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Biotic factors
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all the living organisms that inhabit (or live in) an environment
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There are three types of ecosystems
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Terrestrial (land), Fresh Water, and Salt water
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Symbiosis
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a close association (relationship) between two or more organisms of DIFFERENT species (ex: flea and a dog).
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Parasitism
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symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of the other organism
(ex: flea gets blood from dog) |
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Commensalism
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symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is not harmed, but doesn't benefit (Ex: Plants growing on trees)
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Mutualism
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a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit
(Ex: ants and acacia tree-tree provides nectar(food) for ants and a home and the ants protect the tree from other animals that try to feed on the tree) |
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Autotrophs
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uses light energy (the sun) to make own food. (trees)
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Heterotroph
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Organisms that feed (or eat) other organisms to survive
(Man) |
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Herbivore
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Eats only plants (cow)
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Carnivore
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Eats only meat (lion)
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Omnivore
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Eats plants and animals (man)
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Scavenger
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Eats the left overs of another animal (Vulture)
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Decomposers
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break down dead organisms and receive energy from them
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Food Chain
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simple model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem
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Food Chain order
autotrophs-herbivores-carnivores-decomposers |
autotrophs-make own food
herbivores-eat autotrophs carnivores-eat heterotrophs decomposers-break down leftovers |
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Ecology
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The study of interactions between organisms and their environments
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habitat
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the place where an organisms lives out its life
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niche
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all the strategies and adaptations a species uses in its environment to survive. Finding food, shelter, reproducing
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Trophic levels
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Each organism is the food chain represents a tropic level in the passing of energy and matter
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Food Web
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a web that shows all the possible feeding relationships in a community (who eats what)
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Biomass
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the total weight of LIVING matter at each trophic level
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