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50 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Geographic Inquiry Process
Ask, Acquire, Explore, Analyze, Act on Geographic Knowledge.
What is GIS
A collection of computer hardware, software, and geographic data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information
Three Views of GIS
Database, Map, Model
What can GIS do?
Caron still queefs at dp
Capture,Store,Query,Analyze,Display, Present
Why is GIS > Google Earth
GE doesn't analyze, only displays.
Are features static?
No time changes shit all the time
3 parts of ArcGIS
ArcCatalog ArcMap and ArcToolbox
ArcMap
Display application. Performing map based tasks
ArcCatalog
Fuck with your data.
ArcToolbox
Geographic processing functions. Data management, analysis and conversion
Why is the earth not a perfect sphere?
It rotates on its axis pulling it to the equator so its a spheroid
Steps in a Projection
Eath to Geoid to Datum to Projection to Coordinate System
What is the geoid elipsoid
it is the combination of the spheroid and the surface on the earth. This geoid elipsoid is how we have a clue of what to do projections based on
geoid
accounts the surface differences on earth
datum
reference points, extremely accurate
what is a datum on earth?
National geodetic survery points
Why do we need projections
because when you move from a round object to a flat object you are going to fuck up parts of the flat object
What are the 4 types of projections
cylindrical, conical, planar and other
types of contact?
transverse- cylindar on its side
oblique- at an angle
normal- cylindar up and down
types of contact?
tangent and secant
how do you pick a projection?
look at its purpose, its extent or area of focus its orientation: whether is it very EW or NS its latitude range and what other coordinate systems apply
two types of coordinate systems?
geographic and projected
what are unprojected coordinate systems projected in?
degrees because its the earth...period.
what are unprojected coordinate systems projected in
anything
are gcs's good for mapping
no
if you are off by a degree how far off are you?
110 km at the equator...it sucks
what is every map projection based on?
a GCS
what does every GCS include as staples for factors?
datums
Do projections have datums?
yes
What would be the most common coordinate systems for wisconsin?
UTM, State Plane and Wisconsin Transverse
Advantages of UTM
covers large areas of earth, it is a world wide system
disadvantages of UTM
states can span more than 1 zone.
What does every data set require in terms of a complete description of spatial reference?
GCS/Datum...Projection (if used)...storage units...domain (max and min x and y values)....resolution (x-y precision)
Managing CSs three typical operations
examine the layers CS information, define a CS for a layer with unknown or wrong CS and then convert it.
how to define a cs
in arccatalog or arctoolbox
how to project a cs
arctoolbox or arcmap
what is a larger scale map? 1:5000 or 1:5000000
1:5000
what is a smaller scale map 1:5000 or 1:5000000
1:50000000
what is a feature class
collection of similar objects stored as a single unit
feature classes can share many geometry features true or false
false idiot.
What are the two data components?
data and vector
vector components
Vertex, node, arc, line, points, polygon
raster
grids and pixels
Difference between the sources of data in vector and raster?
vector:aerial photos digitized rasters: TINS figure it out
when is vector best when is raster best
vector is more precise in its shape and position of features whereas raster is great at showing ever changing variables.
Spaghetti vs Topologic
spaghetti just kinda sucks, there aren't really rules and it can come out shitty. Topologic...everything has to make sense and be clean and its great but more time consuming
Why is topology important
it looks better, it can be projected in different ways, and its good?
Topology rules: gaps and overlapping
can't happen
Topology rules: containing a point or feature class
gotta happen entirely
Topology rules for lines
can't overlap, or intersect, be a single part