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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When can serum phospate fall rapidly?
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After meals
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At what fraction of normal phosphate level can organ dysfunction occur?
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1/2
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What is the first symptom of hypophosphatemia?
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Heart failure.
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Which other problems can result from hypophosphatemia?
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Most organ systems fail (rhabdomyolysis, hemolytic anemia) death may result.
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What is a guideline to prevent hypophosphatemia during refeeding when phosphate is Normal? decreasing WNL (within normal limits)? and below normal?
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1. phophate 500mg tid (3xday)
2. stepwise increase in oral pphosphate (eg. to 1000mg qid) serum measure at least daily 3. Stop feeding temporarily while correcting phosphate. IV saline. 1000mg phostphate po qid. IV phosphate. Consult ICU. Measure twice daily, measure conc of phosphate in urine and assess for resp. alkalosis. |
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How is a Glucagon test done?
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Fasting before and during test. Blood sugar is measured at 0, 10 and 20min after 1mg IV glucagon.
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What is a normal Glucagon test result?
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Blood glucose >7mm/L or 6.5mm/L with a rise of at leasat 2mm/L
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What are vitaminers ?sp? (vitamers??)?
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Any one of a number of compounds that have specific vitamin activity.
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How does infection present differently in malnourished (eg anorexia nervosa)?
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-abnormal immune response
-present later and with fewer symptoms: -pneumonia as empyema -pain in extremity as osteomyelitus -pyelonephritus as bacteremia |
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What are some characteristics of Zinc deficiency?
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-Acrodermatitis (dry skin esp. palms and soles)
-Dysgeusia (altered taste) -Impaired immunity (primarily cytokines and cellular) |
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What are the 4D's characteristic of Pellagra?
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Diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death.
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Pellagra is caused by deficiency of what?
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Niacin.
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Define obesity.
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An excess of total body adipose tissue.
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What are 3 measurements to Dx obesity?
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BMI (kg^2/m)
Waist Circumference Percent Body Fat |
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How does the development of obesity differ in children than from adults?
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Kids have hyperplastic obesity (they can form new fat cells, which will remain)
Adults cannot form new adipocytes but they sure can get bigger (hypertrophic obesity) |
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What is NEAT?
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Non Exercise Activity Thermogenesis. Is the energy expended that is not from sleep, eating or sports-like exercise. (eg walking to work, typing and fidgeting)
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