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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the normal host defenses for the GI tract?
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-Stomach HCl
-Intestinal sIgA, peristalsis, normal flora, phagocytes. |
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What are the 3 main ways of acquiring bacterial enteritis?
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1. Invasion of intestinal mucosa and organism proliferation
2. Colonization of GI tract then exotoxin production. 3. Ingestion of preformed exotoxin |
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What 7 organisms can invade the intestinal mucosa and proliferate?
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LESS VEY
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What does less vey stand for?
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Listeria, Enteropathic Ecoli,
Salmonella, Shigella Vibrio parahemolyticus, Edwardsiella Yersinia enterocolitica |
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What does shigella cause?
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Bacillary dysentary transmitted fecal to oral.
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How is salmonella passed?
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Chicken/poultry
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Which 2 of these organisms produces H2S?
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Edwardsiella
Salmonella |
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How is Edwardsiella transmitted?
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By fish and reptiles/aquariums.
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How is Yersinia enterocolitica passed?
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In undercooked milk and pork. May be in blood transfusion bags
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Hey! what's EPEC?
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Enteropathogenic E. coli - causes enteritis, but is less common than hemorrhagic.
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what is vibrio parahemolyticus found in?
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Shellfish and sea food in the far east.
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What does Listeria monocytogenes like and is found in?
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Cold - cheese, dairy, hot dogs.
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What 8 pathogens colonize the intestinal tract then produce exotoxin?
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1. Hemorrhagic Ecoli
2. Enterotoxigenic Ecoli (ETEC) 3. Vibrio cholerae 4. Campylobacter jejuni 5. Aeromonas and Plesiomonas 6. Clostridium perfringens 7. Clostridium difficile 8. Clostridium botulinium in honey for infants |
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Where is Hemorrhagic ecoli found?
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Petting zoos, undercooked beef
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What does Ecoli 0157 H7 cause in kids?
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Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome HUS
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How does ETEC differ from EPEC?
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antigenically; enteropathogenic invades mucosa and proliferates; toxigenic colonizes and produces exotoxin.
-Via contaminated food/H2O |
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How is vibrio cholerae transmitted?
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In water.
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What is Campylobacter jejuni transmitted in?
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poultry
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How do Aeromonas/Plesiomonas diff from most GNB?
-How do they affect stools? -How are they transmitted? |
-They are oxidase positive
-Turn stools green/malodorous -In contaminated water |
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Where is Clostridium perfringens found?
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In cafeteria food
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What is Clostridium difficile caused by?
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-Antibiotic associated
-Suppression of normal flora |
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How must Clostridium diff. be tested for?
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It CANNOT be cultured; must test for Toxins A and B in stools with EIA.
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What causes infant botulism?
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Honey - in infants under 6 mo b/c of lack of normal flora.
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What 4 organisms cause enteritis from ingestion of preformed toxins?
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1. Staph aureus - protein foods
2. Bacillus cereus - fried rice, meat sauces 3. Clostridium botulinum - canned foods. |
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ON TO PERITONITIS
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ok
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What are the 2 broad types of peritonitis?
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1. Primary - no known cause.
2. Secondary - obvious reason |
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What 4 organisms are found in Primary peritonitis in kids?
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1. Strep pneumo
2. Strep A 3. Staph aureus 4. Enterobacteriaceae |
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What 3 organisms are found in Primary peritonitis in adults?
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1. E. coli/other enterobacteria
2. Strep pneumo 3. Strep A |
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What 4 things cause secondary peritonitis?
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1. Trauma - surgery, hernia, cancer, perforated bowel.
2. PID 3. Primary infection elsewhere 4. Peritoneal dialysis -CAPD |
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What does CAPD stand for?
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Chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis - in end stage renal disease.
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What are the 2 most common enterococci?
which is MORE common? which is more antibiotic resist? |
-Fecalis - 80-90%
-Faecium - 90% resist vancomycin |
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How do you seperate Enterococcus from streps?
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-Bile esculin pos
-6.5% NaCL Pos (alternt is PYR) |
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How do you speciate enterococci?
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With Carb fermentation - sorbitol and arabinose
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What are the Sorbitol/Arabinose reactions for:
-E. facalis -E. faecium |
Facalis = Sorb + Ara -
Faecium = Sorb - Ara + |
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What is Mannitol salt or CNA for?
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Staph aureus/gram pos cocci
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What is BA used for when testing for ENTERIC organisms?
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Better growth for oxidase test with fastidious organisms.
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What is SMAC for?
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Hemorrhagic E. coli
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What is Skirrow media for?
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Campylobacter
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What are the characteristics of campylobacter?
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-Grows at 42'C for 48 hrs in microaerophilic environment.
-Curve GNB, Oxi +/Catalase + -Darting umbrella motility |
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What is each for:
TCBS CIN |
TCBS = Vibrio
CIN = YerCINia |
