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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
how would you mod a diet for CHF?
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low sodium, low fluid, sat fat, cholestorel
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how mod for liver fail?
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low proiten: can cause encephalopathy
low sodium, low fluid |
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how mod for renal fail?
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low sodium and fluid
low protein......maybe not low potasium and low phosrphorus |
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diabetic diet
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control calorie: lose weight
carb count low in sat fat, cholesterol |
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sodium restricted diet
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various levels
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day 1 refeed
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clear liquids: check swallowing
follwoed by full liquids, |
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days 2-3 refeed:
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lactose free oral supplemetns or 30-40g fat, low lactose, soft diet, six small feeds
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day 4-5
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50g fat diet, progressin to regular diet
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is clear liquid diet nutritious?
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no, dont stay on it long
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when do you use enteral feeding?
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when pt cant eat but has functional GI tract
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when should you not use enteral feed?
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bowel obstruction, or intractable ileus
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examples of indications for enteral feed:
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dysphagia
illness anorexia cancer trauma burns mechanical vent or ICU |
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whey is enteral better than parenteral?
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more physiologic presetation of nutrients
lower risk profile lower cost preserves GI mucosla integrity |
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what are the options for placing feeding tube?
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nasogastric
nasointestinal enterostomies (gastrostomy and jejunostomy) |
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what do you do if pt is expected to have long difficult recovery?
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ask surgeon to leave feeding access
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what is in a polymeric formula?
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complex carbs
fats whole proteins Nutritionally complete! |
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what is one of the first enzymes we lose when we're sick?
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lactase
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what is in oligomeric formulas (predigested)
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fat modified: MCTs
Protein modified: short chain pepitd and aa carb modified: oligosacchs sucros, glucose |
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what are some complications of feeding tube?
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cramp ab distension, diarrhea n/v
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waht are causes of diarrhea during rub feeding?
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meds: sorbitol,mg antacids, abx
pseudomemb colitis: c Diff GI disorders |
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what can help diarrhea on feeding tube?
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adding psyllium and pectin (banana flakes)
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can you giver more hypertonic mixtures in central or peripheral veins?
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central veins
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what kind of feeding for short bowel syndrome?
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parenteral
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indications for parenteral feed:
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bowel rest: for fistula or crohns
n/v that wont stop |
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contra indication for parenteral?
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functional Gi tract
intended use for less than 5 days imminent death from underlying disease |
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what would complications of hyper osmolar mixtures peripherally be?
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vein inflammation and thrombosis
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what are the sources of nutrients of paretneral mixtures?
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protein: from crystallin AA
carbs: dextrose monohydrate, 3.4 kcal/g not 4, majority of osmolality fat: iv lipid emulsions: sunflower oil, safflower oil, low osmolality |
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what is the most common complication of TPN?
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hyperglycemia; Impairs wound healling, increase infection risk
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