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28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
how would you mod a diet for CHF?
low sodium, low fluid, sat fat, cholestorel
how mod for liver fail?
low proiten: can cause encephalopathy
low sodium, low fluid
how mod for renal fail?
low sodium and fluid
low protein......maybe not
low potasium and low phosrphorus
diabetic diet
control calorie: lose weight
carb count
low in sat fat, cholesterol
sodium restricted diet
various levels
day 1 refeed
clear liquids: check swallowing
follwoed by full liquids,
days 2-3 refeed:
lactose free oral supplemetns or 30-40g fat, low lactose, soft diet, six small feeds
day 4-5
50g fat diet, progressin to regular diet
is clear liquid diet nutritious?
no, dont stay on it long
when do you use enteral feeding?
when pt cant eat but has functional GI tract
when should you not use enteral feed?
bowel obstruction, or intractable ileus
examples of indications for enteral feed:
dysphagia
illness anorexia cancer
trauma burns
mechanical vent or ICU
whey is enteral better than parenteral?
more physiologic presetation of nutrients
lower risk profile
lower cost
preserves GI mucosla integrity
what are the options for placing feeding tube?
nasogastric
nasointestinal
enterostomies (gastrostomy and jejunostomy)
what do you do if pt is expected to have long difficult recovery?
ask surgeon to leave feeding access
what is in a polymeric formula?
complex carbs
fats
whole proteins

Nutritionally complete!
what is one of the first enzymes we lose when we're sick?
lactase
what is in oligomeric formulas (predigested)
fat modified: MCTs
Protein modified: short chain pepitd and aa
carb modified: oligosacchs sucros, glucose
what are some complications of feeding tube?
cramp ab distension, diarrhea n/v
waht are causes of diarrhea during rub feeding?
meds: sorbitol,mg antacids, abx
pseudomemb colitis: c Diff
GI disorders
what can help diarrhea on feeding tube?
adding psyllium and pectin (banana flakes)
can you giver more hypertonic mixtures in central or peripheral veins?
central veins
what kind of feeding for short bowel syndrome?
parenteral
indications for parenteral feed:
bowel rest: for fistula or crohns
n/v that wont stop
contra indication for parenteral?
functional Gi tract
intended use for less than 5 days
imminent death from underlying disease
what would complications of hyper osmolar mixtures peripherally be?
vein inflammation and thrombosis
what are the sources of nutrients of paretneral mixtures?
protein: from crystallin AA
carbs: dextrose monohydrate, 3.4 kcal/g not 4, majority of osmolality
fat: iv lipid emulsions: sunflower oil, safflower oil, low osmolality
what is the most common complication of TPN?
hyperglycemia; Impairs wound healling, increase infection risk