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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
pt with abdominal discomfort when drinking milk, whats the prob?
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-lactose intolerance, lacking enzyme lactose
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what part of GI absorbs food?
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what part of GI absorbs food?
-small intestine |
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when you are assessing for gastro intestinal problems, what is the first step in your assessment
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assessing gi problems - 1st step - inspection
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what structure would you expect to find in the RUQ?
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- liver and gallbladder
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your pt is coming back from having a Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) procedure post surgically, what would be your nursing concern?
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your pt is coming back from having a Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) procedure post surgically, what would be your nursing concern?
- put down scope need to numb pt, and before giving any food or drink need to check gag reflex |
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preparation before GI series?
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preparation before GI series?
- pt cannot have anything to eat, need to have NPO - then pt need to drink large amount of barium for procedure, x-ray --npo 8 hrs |
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after GI series we are waiting for gag reflex to return, how long do you wait?
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after GI series we are waiting for gag reflex to return, how long do you wait?
- 2-4hrs ***when gag reflex comes back they need to be NPO*** |
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pt schedule for a sigmoidoscopy, how should pt prep?
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pt schedule for a sigmoidoscopy, what
- enema night before procedure and maybe morning too - lightly NPO after midnight, clear liquid diet - bowel prep sygmoidoscopy, normal prep, -ennemas at night, NPO midnight, clear liquid before that |
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pt came into the emergency room complaining of RLQ?
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pt came into the emergency room complaining of RLQ?
- wbc elevated, appendicitis |
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doctor orders a stool culture for diarrhea, pt gives you culture, what do you do with it?
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doctor orders a stool culture for diarrhea, pt gives you culture, what do you do with it?
- keep in at room temp, and bring to lab within 30 min |
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you have a group of pt’s, which one needs to be your #1 priority?
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you have a group of pt’s, which one needs to be your #1 priority?
*** answer: pt with acute abdominal pain*** |
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pt complaining of RLQ pain, what do you think it is?
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pt complaining of RLQ pain, what do you think it is?
appendicitis |
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which task can you tell a CNA to do?
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which task can you tell a CNA to do?
*** answer: can ambulate a pt who had surgery 3 days ago*** |
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pt has been treated for pneumonia, and now complaining of mouth pain, suspected of candidiasis, what would see when you inspect the mouth?
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pt has been treated for pneumonia, and now complaining of mouth pain, suspected of candidiasis, what would see when you inspect the mouth?
- pearly, bluish-white milk curd lesions |
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pt has cancer of the tongue, when inspecting the mouth what kind of lesions do you find?
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pt has cancer of the tongue, when inspecting the mouth what kind of lesions do you find?
- leukoplakia |
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What are some risk factors for cancer of the tongue?
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risks factors for cancer of the tongue?
- smoking, alcohol use, candidiasis |
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Priority Question: You have a group of pt’s, which one needs to be your #1 priority?
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Priority Question: You have a group of pt’s, which one needs to be your #1 priority?
*** Answer: pt with acute abdominal pain*** |
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early symptom of esophageal disease?
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early symptom of esophageal disease
- dysphagia |
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Your pt has GERD, and having trouble sleeping at night. What are you going to advise pt to do?
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Your pt has GERD, and having trouble sleeping at night. What are you going to advise pt to do?
- elevate head 30 degrees |
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PT with GERD, what is their diet?
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PT with GERD, what is their diet?
- meals, small portions -avoid spicy, caffeine, alcohol, no high fat foods - needs to have high protein, high caloric diet |
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What meds can you prescribe for GERD?
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what meds can you prescribe for GERD?
- H2 antagonist, antacids, proton pump inhibitors - if meds are not working need to call doctor |
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PT is admitted for chronic gastritis, what vitamin is he lacking?
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pt is admitted for chronic gastritis, what vitamin is he lacking?
- B12 - needs to be given injections, take them for life |
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What is an antrectomy, and what is for?
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what is an antrectomy, and what is for?
- removal of the antrum, the gastic producing portion of the lower stomach - usually done on people who have gastric ulcers FYI: an·trec·to·my ( n-tr k t -m ) The removal (resection) of part of the stomach, often combined with a vagotomy |
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what is a vagotomy? why is it done?
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what is a vagotomy? why is it done?
- removal of the vagas nerves to the fundus - to decrease HCI acid |
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PT is post gastrectomy and on a PCA pump, which condition requires your immediate nursing intervention?
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pt is post gastrectomy and on a PCA pump, which condition requires your immediate nursing intervention?
*** answer: a slight temperature*** sign of infection |
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what is a common problem with gastrectomy procedures?
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what is a common problem with gastrectomy procedures?
- dumping syndrome |
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pt is diagnosed with gastric ulcers and complaining of a black tary stool, what is this a sign of?
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pt is diagnosed with gastric ulcers and complaining of a black tary stool-
this is a sign of upper GI bleeding |
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pt is taking an NSAID for pain and experiencing dizziness and is light headed, what should she do? Why?
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pt is taking an NSAID for pain and experiencing dizziness and is light headed, what should she do? Why?
- stop taking the medication - suffering from hypovolemia and could have a proliferated ulcer, need to see the doctor |
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pt with active GI bleeding
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pt with active GI bleeding
- need to be NPO |
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pt has gastric ulcer, c/o of black tarry stool, u know that is sign of...?
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pt has gastric ulcer, c/o of black tarry stool, u know that is sign of?
- upper GI bleeding |
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billiroth II procedure, s/s of this what is it called?
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billiroth II procedure, s/s of this what is it called?
- dumping syndrome |
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pt came in with diagnosis with chronic duodeunal ulcer, which statement would be related to pt diagnosis?
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pt came in with diagnosis with chronic duodeunal ulcer, which statement would be related to pt diagnosis?
***answer: i take aspirin for headaches*** |
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after gastric surgery, NGT is place into pt, why?
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after gastric surgery, NGT is place into pt, why?
- to decompress the stomach in order to reduce distention - remove fluids and promote healing |
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pt had subtotal gastrictomy for stomach cancer, what kinds of foods would you remove to reduce dumping syndrome?
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pt had subtotal gastrictomy for stomach cancer, what kinds of foods would you remove to reduce dumping syndrome
- low carb, high protein, high caloric - avoid coffee, jelly, pancakes w/syrup, no soup, no alcohol *** the only one not check is peanut butter w/crackers*** |
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your assessing post op pt and hear hypoactive BS, what is that a sign of?
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your assessing post op pt and hear hypoactive BS, what is that a sign of?
- paralytic ileus (hypoactive or absent bowel sounds) |
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your pt has had a colostomy, before you can start talking to the pt about rehab, what signs would indicate to you he/she is ready to discuss about rehab?
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your pt has had a colostomy, before you can start talking to the pt about rehab, what signs would indicate to you he/she is ready to discuss about rehab?
- pt will make eye contact and indicate that he is ready to participate in taking care of his colostomy |
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What would be an early sign of colorectal cancer?
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what would be an early sign of colorectal cancer?
- change in bowel habits FYI: Colon, or colorectal, cancer is cancer that starts in the large intestine (colon) or the rectum (end of the colon). |
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pt has a suspected peptic ulcer, what kind of pain are they experiencing?
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pt has a suspected peptic ulcer, what kind of pain are they experiencing
- burning pain, goes away by eating food |
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What are early signs and symptoms of perforation from a peptic ulcer?
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what are early signs and symptoms of perforation from a peptic ulcer
- pt is restless, elderly may be confused - heart rate (pulse) or heart rhythm, beating too fast (tachycardia) - Low blood pressure, or hypotension, - respiration are elevated (signs of bleeding) |
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What causes dumping syndrome?
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what causes dumping syndrome?
- rapid passing of gastric contents (food) |
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What foods do you start off & end with after a gastrectomy procedure?
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gastrectomy procedures:
start with clear liquid diet, then full liquid diet, with small amount of food, and eventually regular diet, start with small amounts |
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why do pt develop pernicious anemia?
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why do pt develop pernicious anemia
- lack of vitamin B12 - need intrinsic factor |
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what is gastroenteritis?
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what is gastroenteritis?
- inflammation of the stomach and intestines |
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pt has gastroenteritis with lots of diarrhea, what is the acid base?
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pt has gastroenteritis with lots of diarrhea, what is the acid base
- metabolic acid doses |
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You're assessing a pt for signs of dehydration, what is the data you need to gather?
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you're assess a pt for signs of dehydration, what is the data you need to gather
- thirst is early sign - weight reduces ***orthostatic hypotension is an early sign= pulse goes up, BP goes down, increase respirations*** |
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pt diagnosis with CDIFF, what kind of isolation would you provide for pt?
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pt diagnosis with CDIFF, what kind of isolation would you provide for pt?
- contact isolation - need to wear gloves |
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irritable bowel syndrome, what type of foods should you eliminate?
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irritable bowel syndrome, what type of foods should you eliminate?
caffeine, alcohol, diary products, spices, carbonated beverages |
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what kind of stool would a pt have with ulcerative colitis?
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what kind of stool would a pt have with ulcerative colitis?
- black tary, only if their bleeding - consistency would be runny (diarrhea) |
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what is the purpose of doing a daily stool evaluation?
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what is the purpose of doing a daily stool evaluation?
- irritable bowel - occult blood, blood in stool |
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what is crohn's disease?
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what is crohn's disease?
- affects all layers in the bowel, colon |
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pt has diarrhea, what should you monitor?
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pt has diarrhea, what should you monitor
- fluids and electrolytes |
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what kind of diet should someone be on if they have Crohn's disease?
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what kind of diet should someone be on if they have Crohn's disease?
- low fat, high caloric, high protein, low fiber, roughage *** cream potatoes would be the best option*** (FYI: Following a low fat, low fiber diet can provide relief from Crohn's disease symptoms such as stomach cramping and indigestion) |
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pt with crohn’s disease, what would you pay attention to in accordance to their stool?
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pt with crohn’s disease, what would you pay attention to in accordance to their stool?
- amount, color, and consistency |
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18 yr old complains of right lower pain, you are assessing the pt, where do you start?
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18yrs complains of right lower pain, you are assessing the pt, where do you start?
- upper left, away from pain area - ascultation - if all BS are present, chart BS x4 -palpation then percussion or ves versa ***rebound tenderness, appendicitis*** |
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elevated WBC count shows appendicitis is infected, What do you do?
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elevated WBC count shows appendicitis is infected, what do u do?
do ultrasound, MRI, cat scan |
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pt WBC of 14,000 suspected of appendicitis what do you ask them?
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pt WBC of 14,000 suspected of appendicitis what do you ask them
- when did you last eat or drink - sign a consent form |
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what is the difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis?
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what is the difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis?
- diverticulosis it the development of diverticuli - become inflamed or infected then its diverticulitis |
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pt with diverticulosis needs to remove anything with seeds from his diet, avoid…
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pt with diverticulosis needs to remove anything with seeds from his diet, avoid…
- popcorn - peanuts |
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pt who’s going to have colon or any surgery on the bowel…
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pt who’s going to have colon or any surgery on the bowel…
- need to put on Neomycin and Vancomycin in order to decrease intestinal bacteria - Enema to eliminate anything in the stomach |
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pt come back from surgery, after assessing their ABC, what is the next assessment?
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pt come back from surgery, after assessing their ABC, what is the next assessment?
- want to look at the dressing to see any drainage - don’t take dressing off only surgery can, if to much drainage apply another dressing on top until surgery gets there and changes it |
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pt has lost a lot of blood post op and increase respirations, what is the quality of their pulse?
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pt has lost a lot of blood post op and increase respirations, what is the quality of their pulse
- weak, thready, and fast - hypovolemia |
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what constitency of stool for someone who has ileostomy?
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what constitency of stool for someone who has ileostomy?
- liquidy, at risk for fluid lost |
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What should a stoma look like?
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What should a stoma look like?
Stoma should look pink/reddish |
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order was given to irrigate colostomy, instill fluid and pt complains of cramping. what do you do?
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order was given to irrigate colostomy, instill fluid and pt complains of cramping. what do you do?
- don't pull the tube, stop, clamp and wait until the cramp is gone |
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what is perintonitis?
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what is perintonitis?
- inflammation of peritoneum membrane |
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pt is complaining of abdominal pain. when palpating the abdomen, what kind of tenderness would you find?
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pt is complaining of abdominal pain. when palpating the abdomen, what kind of tenderness would you find?
- rebound tenderness |
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what is they symptom for hiatal hernial?
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what is they symptom for hiatal hernial?
- pain, heartburn after you eat, |
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doing abdominal assessment on pt and noticed a mass in the groin, what do you suspect?
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doing abdominal assessment on pt and noticed a mass in the groin, what do you suspect?
- inguinal hernia |
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s/s of a paralytic ileus?
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s/s of a paralytic ileus?
- absent of decreased bowel sounds, pt complains of n/v, abdominal girth is distended |
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what term do you use when part of intestine telescopes (turns onto itself) into another part of the intestines?
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what term do you use when part of intestine telescopes (turns onto itself) into another part of the intestines?
- Intussusception (FYI: Intussusception is a problem with the intestine in which one portion of the bowel slides into the next, much like the pieces of a telescope.) |
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in planning care of a pt with a small bowel obstruction, what would your initial goal be?
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in planning care of a pt with a small bowel obstruction, what would your initial goal be?
- maintaining adequate nutritional and fluid balance |
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same pt has intestinal obstruction and has NG tube for suction, what do you assess for?
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same pt has intestinal obstruction and has NG tube for suction, what do you assess for?
- fluids, if losing fluid concerns include: dehydration, metabolic alkalosis (HCL is being sucked out) |
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your pt has been told that he has rectal cancer, he tells you there is nothing wrong with me and that all i have is hemorrhoids, what are they exhibitng?
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your pt has been told that he has rectal cancer, he tells you there is nothing wrong with me and that all i have is hemorrhoids, what are they exhibitng?
- denial |
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what would be an early warning sign of colorectoral cancer?
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what would be an early warning sign of colorectoral cancer?
- change in bowel habits (either constipation or diarrhea) |
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What are the common symptom of hemorroids?
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What are the common symptom of hemorroids?
- bleeding after passing stool (on top of stool) - itching and burning |
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hemorrhoidectomy, what would be the doctors order?
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hemorrhoidectomy, what would be the doctors order?
- NPO and enema |
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pt has had hemorrhoidectomy, has gag relfex back, what do you want them to do?
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pt has had hemorrhoidectomy, has gag relfex back, what do you want them to do?
- urinate, important for them to do this due to urinary retention |
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what kinds of things do you teach ur patient to avoid (constipation?)
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what kinds of things do you teach ur patient to avoid (constipation?)
ruphage, exercise, and lots of fluids |
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fecal impaction, what signs tell you that?
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fecal impaction, what signs tell you that?
- stool is loosened around the edges, leaking diarrhea fluid, and stool is wedged into rectum |
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pt exacerbation of chronic gastritus?
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pt exaserbation of chronic gastritus
-deficient in vitamin B12, administer B12 injections for life |
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pt is post-gastrectomy, on pca pump(narcotics), what would require immediate interventions?
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pt is post-gastrectomy, on pca pump(narcotics), what would require immediate interventions?
-resperations at 10 |
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gastrectomy, may need vagotomy, what is it?
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gastrectomy, may need vagotomy, what is it?
-cutting vegus nerve, decreases amount of stomach secretions |
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pt exaserbation of chronic gastritus
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pt exaserbation of chronic gastritus
-deficient in vitamin B12, administer B12 injections for life |
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pt with GERD, trouble sleeping, what do you advise?
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pt with GERD, trouble sleeping
-advise elevate 30* HOB, sleep on more pillows |
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after surgery, what should be accessed after ABC's?
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after surgery, what should be accessed after ABC's
- dressing |
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term used when part of intestine telescopes into another part of the intestine?
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term used when part of intestine telescopes into another part of the intestine?
- intussusception |
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Priority Question: Which task can you tell a CNA to do?
*** Answer: can ambulate a pt who had surgery 3 days ago*** |
Priority Question: Which task can you tell a CNA to do?
*** Answer: can ambulate a pt who had surgery 3 days ago*** |