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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intrinsic Factor
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Parietal Cells
Autoimmune destruction --> chronic gastritis and pernicious anemia |
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Gastric Acid
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Parietal Cells
Stim by HAG: histamine, ACh, gastrin Inhib by: GIP, prostaglandin, somatostatin |
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Is gastric acid essential for digestion?
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No, but inadequate acid increases risk of salmonella infections.
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Pepsin
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Chief cells
Stim by vagal input, local acid (Inactive pepsinogen ->pepsin by H+) |
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Gastrin
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G cells of antrum
Stim: secretion of HCl, IF, pepsinogen; gastric motility |
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Gastrin
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stim by: stomach distention, AA, peptides, vagus
Inhib by: secretin, low stomach acid (neg feedback) |
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Zollinger-Ellison sxme
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hypersecretion of gastrin
peptic ulcers; Phe and Tryptophan are stimulators (Ass'd with MEN1) |
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Bicarb
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surface mucosal cells of stomach and duodenum
1. neutrolizes acid 2. in mucus layer 3. prevents autodigestion Stim by secretin (potentiated by vagus, CCK) |
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CCK
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I cells of duodenum
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CCK
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Stim gall bladder contraction, panc enzyme secretion
Inhib gastric emptying Stim by: FA, AA |
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Secretin
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S cells of duodenum
(Nature's antacid) - stim panc bicarb and inhibits gastric acid secretion |
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Secretin
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Stim by acid and FA in duodenum
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Somatostatin
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D cells in panc islets, GI mucosa
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Somatostatin
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Inhibits: gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion, panc and small intestine fluid secretion, gallbladder contraction, release of insulin and glucagon
**anti-GH effects d/t decreased digestion and absorption of substances needed for growth |
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Somatostatin
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stim by acid
inhib by vagus |
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GIP
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decrease H secretion and increase insulin release (reason for oral glucose loading vs IV)
K cells of duodenum and jejunum only hormone stim by all 3: AA, FA, glucose |
