Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
anorexia
|
- decrease in appetite
|
|
obesity
|
- BMI > 30
- increased risk of CVD, cancer, DM, OA - decreased self-esteem |
|
vomiting
|
- risk of aspiration
- decrease in electrolytes - FVD |
|
fecal impaction
|
- decreased transit time
- risk for bowel ischemia & death |
|
bulimia
|
- binging/vomiting/ purging -> leads to malnurtrition
|
|
Anorexia Nervosa
|
- distorted body image -> causes severe decrease in nutrition -> neuropathy
|
|
Diarrhea
|
- osmotic, C.difficile, impaction, colitis, Crohn's
|
|
GI bleeding ~ How to diagnose?
|
- hematemesis
- melena - + hemoccult - increased BUN - decreased H&H |
|
Dysphagia
|
- difficulty swallowing -> causes risk for aspiration
|
|
interussusception
|
- telescoping of one part of intestine into other
|
|
diverticulitis
|
- inflammation of diverticuli
- low residue diet - increase risk for peritonitis |
|
appendicitis
|
- pain @ McBurney's point; increased risk for peritonitis
|
|
pyloric obstruction
|
- copius vomiting undigested food (NO BILE) hrs after eating
|
|
PUD
|
- damage mucosa esophagus, stomach, or duodenum
|
|
Duodenal ulcers
|
- food intake -> DECREASE PAIN
|
|
Gastric ulcers
|
- food intake -> INCREASE PAIN
|
|
Stress ulcers
|
- gastric mucosal damage r/t to increase cortisols
|
|
Dumping syndrome
|
- post-gastrectomy -> causes rapid emptying chyme into small bowel
|
|
Ulcerative Colitis
|
- inflammation of large intestine, ulcerations, bleeding, increased chance of CANCER
|
|
Crohn's Disease
|
- inflammation of lg/sm intestine, skip lesions, all layers
|
|
jaundice
|
- decreased metabolism of bilirubin -> causes increase bilirubin in skin
|
|
clay colored stools
|
- due to intra/extra hepatic obstruction of bilirubin
|
|
gynecomastia
|
- decreased metabolism of estrogens/androgens
|
|
hypoglycemia
|
- due to decrease CHO, protein, & fat metabolism
|
|
ascites
|
- portal HTN -> causes increase pressure/decrease COP -> fluid shift peritoneum
|
|
encephalopathy
|
- portal HTN -> caused decrease toxin metabolism -> decrease LOC
|
|
portal HTN
|
- BP > 10mmHg in portal vein
|
|
esophageal varices
|
- due to portal HTN; life threatening if rupture
|
|
splenomegaly
|
- portal HTN -> increase splenic vein pressure
|
|
Hemolytic jaundice causes an increase in _____ bilirubin.
|
unconjugated
|
|
Extrahepatic obstruction causes an increase in _____ bilirubin
|
conjugated
|
|
Severe intrahepatic obstruction causes an increase in _____ bilirubin.
|
unconjugated
|
|
Causes Hepatitis A
|
- Hepatitis A virus (HAV) through fecal-oral transmission
|
|
Causes Hepatitis B
|
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV) through serum transmission
|
|
Hepatitis C - chronicity?
|
greatest risk of chronicity
|
|
prodromal phase of hepatitis
|
- highly infectious; before icteric
|
|
prolonged prothrombin time
|
- increases risk for bleeding
|
|
fecal-oral type of hepatitis
|
- Hepatitis A
|
|
sexual, parenteral, vertical transmission
|
- Hepatitis B & C
|
|
Anti-HAV antibodies
|
- antibodies found in hepatitis A
|
|
Hepatitis B antigen, 1st serological marker
|
- HBsAg
|
|
antibody elevated in acute state of hepatitis
|
- IgM
|
|
serological marker (antibody), seroconverted
|
- anti-HBe
|
|
serological marker (antibody), increase in window period; infectious
|
- anti-HBc
|
|
serological marker (antibody), increases recovery period
|
- anti-HBs
|
|
cholecystitis
|
- inflammation of gallbladder
|
|
cholelithiasis
|
- gallstones in gallbladder
|
|
pancreatitis
|
- increase amylase/lipase
- risk of peritonitis (inflammation of the abdominal wall) |
|
choledocholithiasis
|
- stones in common bile ducts
|