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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
source of gastrin
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G cells in antrum of stomach
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source of CCK
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I cells in duo and jejunum
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source of secretin
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s cells, duodenum
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action of gastrin
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increased H+ in stomach
increased growth of gatric mucosa increased gastric motility |
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action of CCK
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increases pancreatic secretions
increases gallbladder contraction slows gastric emptying |
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action of secretin
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release of HCO3-
decreased gastric acid secretion |
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regulation of gastrin
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decreased when stomach pH <1.5
increased when stomach is distended, presence of AA and peptides increased in vagal stimulation |
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regulation of CCK
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decreased if stomach pH<1.5
decreased by secretin increased by fatty acids and AA |
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regulation of secretin
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increased by acid, FA in lumen of duo
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source of somatostatin
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D cells of pancreatic islets and GI mucosa
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what regulates somatostatin
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increased by acid
decreased by vagal stimulation |
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what is somatostatin used to treat
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VIPoma
carcinoid tumors |
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what releases GIP?
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K cells in duo and jejunum
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what does GIP do?
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exocrine fxn of decreasing H secretion
endocrine fxn of increasing insulin release |
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regulation of GIP
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increased by fatty acids, AA, oral glucose
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which is used more rapidly: oral or IV glucose?
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oral
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source of VIP
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parasympathetic ganglia in sphincters, gallbladder and small intestines
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action of VIP
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increases intestinal water absorption
relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle and sphincters |
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regulation of VIP
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increased by distention and vagal stimulation
decreased by adrenergic imput |
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what is VIPoma
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non-alpha, non-beta islet cell pancreatic tumor that secrete VIP --> copious watery diarrhea
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action of NO on GI tract
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increased smooth muscle relaxation, (NB: lower P in LES)
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what is implicated in decreased NO secretion
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accounts for incresed LES tone seen in achalasia
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where is HCO3- released from?
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mucosal cells
stomach duo |
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where is pepsin released from?
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chief cells of stomach
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what controls gastric acid release
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increased by histamine and ACh
decreased by somatostatin, GIP, PG, secretin |
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fxn of salivary amylase
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hydrolyzes alpha-1,4 linkages --> disaccharides
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fxn of pancreatic amylase
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hydrolyzes starch to oligosaccharides and disaccharides
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where is pancreatic amylase found
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highest [] in duo lumen
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fxn of oligosaccharide hydrolase
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hydrolyzes oligosaccharidses --> monosaccharides
RL step in carb digestion |