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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which 2 amino acids are potent stimulators of gastrin?
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phenylalanine, tryptophan
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low flow rate results in what kind of saliva?
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hypotonic (more time to reabsorb Na + Cl)
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high flow rate results in what kind of saliva?
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isogonic (less time to reabsorb Na + Cl)
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gastrin mainly has effect on what cells?
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ECL cells (histmaine release)
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M3 receptor uses what signaling pathway
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Gq --> IP3
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CCK b receptor uses what signaling pathway
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Gq --> IP3
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histamine receptor uses what signaling pathway
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cAMP
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proton pump exchanges what?
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H+/K+ pump, Cl- flows out
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when do you see Brunner's gland hypertrophy?
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PUD
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where do you find Brunner's glands
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duodenal submucosa
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what enzyme activates trypsinogen
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enterokinase/ enteropeptidase
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what is the rate limiting step in carb digestion
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brush border oligosaccharide hydrolases
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what transporters take carbs to the blood stream?
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GLUT2
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where is iron absorbed
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duodenum
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where is folate absorbed
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jejunum
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where is B12 absorbed
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ileum
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what layers are peyer's patches found in
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lamina propria, submucosa
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what kind of cells do peyer's matches contain? What do they do
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M cells - take up antigen; B cells - differentiate into plasma cells + secret IgA
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bile acids are conjugated to what?
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glycine, taurine
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what is bilirubin conjugated to
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glucuronate (water soluble)
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gut bacteria convert direct bilirubin to
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urobilinogen
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