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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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functions of GI systemj
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digestion and absorption of dietary nutrients and calories
excretion of waster fluid and electrolyte balance immune fx non immunologic defense |
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Digestive functions
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motility
secretiion digestion absorption |
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wall of GI tract
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mucosa
submucosa muscularis externa serosa |
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mucosa
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epithelial - protection, secretion and absorption
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submucosa
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connective tissue, blood vessels, some glands, meissners plexus
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muscularis externis
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inner and outer - propel contents - aurbachs plexus
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serosa
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covers digestive tract
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regulation of GI
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autonomous, neural, hormones
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tonic contraction
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contractile tension that is maintained for prolonged periods of time
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phasic contraction
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twitch like - by AP
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enteric nervous system
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miniature nervous system in the wall of the GI tract
controls motor and secretory activity - subsystem of ANS- both para and symp |
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sympathetic efferent
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post ganglionic adrenergic fibers (celiac, SM, IM) inhibitory affect
terminate in submucosal and myenteric plexus |
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effects of sympathetic
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vasoconstriction
inhibition of glandular fn inhibition of motor activity contraction of certain sphincters |
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parasympathetic
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vagus nerve - pelvic nerves
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effects of para
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stimulation of motor and secretory activity
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aurbach's plexus
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part of enteric
motoneruons - + acetylcholine - VIP NO sensory neurons - interneurons |
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meissners plexus
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secretomotor neurons to glandular, endocrine and epithelial cells
sensor neurons interneurons vasodilator neurons |
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Gastrin source
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G cells in teh stomach
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Gastrin stimulus
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protein in stomach, stretch, nerves
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Gastrin functions
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stimulate secretion of parietal and chief cells
enhances gastric motility - constricts pyloric sphincter stimulates ilial motility relaxes ileocecal sphincter gall bladder contractions colonic mass m ovements enhances pancreatic secretions |
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Secretin Source
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S cells in the duodenum/jejunum
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stimulus for secretion
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acid in the duodenum
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function of secretin
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stimulates NaHCO3 secretion fo pancreatic ducts
inhibits gastric acid secretion works on exocrine pancreas inhibts gastric emptying strimulates gastric pesinogen secretion |
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CCK source
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I cells in duodenum/jejunum
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CCK stimulus
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fats, proteins, in duodenum
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CCK funciton
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digestive enzyme secreation by pancreas
+ pancreatic NaHC03 secretion + gall bladder contraction works on exocrine pancreas - gastric acid stimulates bile secretion relaxation sphincter of oddi |
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Gastric inhibitory peptide source
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K cells in duodenum and jejunum
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GIP stimulus
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fat, glucose, acid, hypertonicity, distension
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GIP function
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inhibits gastric acid secretion
stimulates insulin inhibits gastric emptying |
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Motilin
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increases intestinal motility
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serotonin
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increases intestinal motility
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suptance P
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increases intestinal motility
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VIP
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stimulates secretion of water and ions
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glucagon entero glucagon
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stimulate hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
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somatostatin
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inhibit pareital cells
inhibit gastrin incrase fluid abs and decress secretion in intestine increase sm contraction decreases pancreatic secretions decrease bile flow |
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histamine
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increases HCl
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urogastrone (EPF)
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inhibits HCl increase epithelial cell growth
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neurtensin
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decreases intestinal motility
increases blood flow to the ileum |
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function of GI motility
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propulsion, mixing, reservoir
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tonic contractions
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upper and lower esophogeal sphincters
pyloric valve phincter of oddi ileocecal valve internal anal sphincter espophogus |
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propulsive peristalsis
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lower 2/3 of stomach
small intestine rectum |
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reverse peristalsis
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proximal colon
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mass movements
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LI
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non propulsive segmentation
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small intestine
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lower esophogeal sphincter regulated
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by extrinsic, intrinsic nerves, hormones, and neuromodulators
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swallowing reflex phases
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oral/voluntary
pharyngeal - resp relexively inhibited esophogeal phase - swallowing center - 2 peristalic wavesby intrinsic nerve system |
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functions of stomach motility
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reservoir
digestion controlled emptying into duodenum |
