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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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makes up the upper gi? (3)
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mouth
esophagus stomach |
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makes up the lower gi? (4)
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small int
lg int rectum anus |
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accessory digestive organs (3)
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liver
gallbladder pancreas |
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digestive organs (6)
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mouth
pharynx larynx esophagus stomach small int |
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how long is the GI tract?
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30 ft
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increased parastalsis (sns or pns)?
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pns
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4 gi system functions
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injestion
digestion absorption elimination |
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function of pharynx/larynx
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helps with the passage of food, fluid and air into the esophagus
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deglutition
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swallowing
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salivary glands (3 pair)
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parotid, submaxillary, sublingual
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does the esophagus have parastalsis?
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yes
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LES - what is it?
what does it do? aka? |
lower esophageal sphincter
prevents acid reflux into esophagus cardiac sphincter |
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hydrolyzes starch to maltose
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salivary amylase (ptyalin)
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functions of stomach (3)
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store food
mix it (forms chyme) empty chyme into sm int |
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main parts of stomach (3) top to bottom
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fundus
body antrum |
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regulates exit from stomach
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pyloric sphincter
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what is rugae
what does it do |
folds in stomach that stretch as stomach fills
secrete gastric juice |
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secretes HCL and Intrinsic factor
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parietal cells (in stomach)
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cobalamin
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vit b12
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promotes cobalamin absorption in small int
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intrinsic factor
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3 things HCL does
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protein digestion
breaks down food into chyme kills bacteria |
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secretes pepsinogen
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zymogenic cells (in stomach)
aka chief cells |
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what does pepsinogen do?
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turns into pepsin when it mixes with stomach acid, then pepsin starts the breakdown of proteins
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what does gastrin do?
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regulates secretion and motility in gi system
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functions of small int (2)
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digestion and absorption
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ileocecal valve
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prevents reflux of lg int into small int
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under neuro and endocrine control
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gi system
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where does most absorption happen?
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small int
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increases surface area of small int
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villi
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where does the sm int begin
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pyloric sphincter
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where does the lg int begin
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illialcecal valve
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5 things that enter lg int
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undigested food
some water unabsorbed minerals bile bacteria |
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3 things flora of lg int do
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make vit k and b
finish protein breakdown produce flatus |
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chyme
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food mixed with gastic secretions
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4 parts of lg int
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cecum and appendix
colon rectum anus |
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absorbs water and electrolytes
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lg int
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largest internal organ in the body
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liver
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biliary tract
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gallbladder and duct system
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4 main functions of the liver
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metabolic functions
bile synthesis storage phagocyte system |
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what does the gallbladder do?
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stores and concentrates bile
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splenic flexure on the rt or left?
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left
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hepatic flexure on the rt or left
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right
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how many lobes in the liver?
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4
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8 things the liver does
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synthesize protein
synthesize clotting factors stores glucose as glycogen in response to hyperglycemia stores blood when pt is bleeding converts amino acids to carbs metabolizes bilirubin decreases toxicity of chemicals secretes bile (to be stored in the gallbladder) |
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exocrine function of the pancreas
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helps digestion -
makes alkaline juices containing enzymes (alkaline to buffer the acid) |
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what disease effects gallbladder, bile and bile ducts?
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billiary
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can cause hepatotoxicity (2)
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NSAIDS
acetaminophen |
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can chg normal flora of GI tract
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antibiotics
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can affect absorption of certain meds (2)
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antacids
laxatives |
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delays ulcer healing
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smoking
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anthropometric assessment (4)
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IBW - ideal body wt
TST - triceps skinfold thickness MAC - midarm circumfrence MAMC - midarm muscle circumfrence |
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color of tongue if low in folic acid
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bright red
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what can turn the tongue black?
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antibiotics
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order of ab assessment
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inspect
auscultate percuss palpate |
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how does bruit sound
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loud, swishing
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borborygmi
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waves of loud, gurgling sounds
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ab inspection - look for (3)
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skin
contour movement |
