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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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endocrine units of pancreas
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Islets of Langerhans
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cells in Islets of langerhans
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alpha- glucogon
beta- insulin D (delta)- somatostatin |
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structure of Islet of Langerhans
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~3000 cells
capillaries run thru- radial beta cells secrete first insulin inhibits glucagon rls somatostatin inhibits both g & i |
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insulin signal will...
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(anabolic signal)
glucose uptake, use & storage glucose oxidation (glycolsis) glycogen synth fat synth protein synth |
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glucagon signal will...
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(catabolic signal)
stimulate glucose synthesis & mobilization glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, ketogenesis |
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structures of insulin
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Preproinsulin nucleus to ER
signal sequence no disulfide C peptide Proinsulin- (vesicles) in ER to golgi no signal sequence yes disulfides Insulin- processed in vesicles (golgi), stored at microtubules, released with Ca signal no signal or C peptide yes disulfides equal concentration w/C peptide in vesicle |
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C peptidase test
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test for diabetes
easier to get good measure |
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innervation of endocrine pancreas
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para & sympss
GLP 1 (from L cells- enteroendocrine) give paracrine stim |
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GLP 1
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ANS stimulation of Langerhans
released if think about food stimulates insulin release (even in absence of glucose) |
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glucose entry into pancreas
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GLUT 2 receptor
not easily saturated keeps working even with high glucose |
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defect in glucokinase
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MODY
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signaling insulin release
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GLUT 2 takes up glucose
glucokinase phosphorylates Glycolysis release ATP inhibits "sur" at K channel K out depolarize Ca in repolarize with K in |
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MOA of metformin
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inhibits repolarization of beta cell (insulin continued to be released)
also mech for sulfanyl urea) |
