Gi: Antiparasitic Agents And Anthelminthics

Front 1

what enzyme do anaerobic organisms use to metabolize pyruvate?

Back 1

pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR)

Front 2

what is the mechanism of action of metronidiazole/tinidiazole?

Back 2

the inactive form of the drug (prodrug) is taken up by the anaerobe. the electrons from PFOR go to metronidazole activate it. the active form of metronidazole leads to misform of DNA helix and stop the formation of nucleic acids.

Front 3

Is metronidazole/tinidazole better against dividing or non-dividing cells?

Back 3

just as good in both.

Front 4

what do E. hystolytica, giardia, and T. Vaginalis all have in common?

Back 4

all anaerobes

Front 5

when someone ingest E. hystolytica, what happens.

Back 5

cysts hatch in the small intestine and the trophozoite phase migrates to the large intestine.

Front 6

what is the etiological organism behind amebiaisis?

Back 6

E. hystolytica

Front 7

Where are 3 places you will find E. hystolytica?

Back 7

liver, blood, colon lumen

Front 8

what are the 2 forms of E.hystolytica?

Back 8

cyst and troph

Front 9

Is metronidazole/tinidazole lumenocidal or tissucidal?

Back 9

both

Front 10

where are some places you can find metronidazole/tinidazole?

Back 10

small intestine lumen, body tissues, and secretions

Front 11

where is metro/tinidazole absorbed?

Back 11

small intestine

Front 12

what is the drug of choice for symptomatic ameobiasis?

Back 12

metronidiazole or if cant use tinidazole

Front 13

what is the DOC for asy ameobiasis?

Back 13

idoquinol or if cant use paromomycin

Front 14

why would you not use metro/tinidazole for asy amebiasis?

Back 14

the e. hystolytica is within the lumen of the large intestine. since metro and tinidazole have good bioavaliablility, there are better alternatives

Front 15

when a person ingests giardia cyst, what happens?

Back 15

the cyst ruptures in the small intestine and the troph form remains and resides within the intestine.

Front 16

can you use metronidiazole for giardia?

Back 16

yes

Front 17

where do ou find Trichomonas vaginalis?

Back 17

vagina and male urethra and prostate.

Front 18

will metrondiazole be affective against Trichomonas?

Back 18

yes. gets into secretions

Front 19

is crytospridium an intra or extracellular parasite?

Back 19

intra

Front 20

will metronidiazole be affective against cryptosporidium?

Back 20

no

Front 21

what are some sidefects of metronidazole?

Back 21

metallic taste, NV, neuropathy, disulfrim like reaction, red-brown urine

Front 22

somone comes in and is peeing red-brown urine

Back 22

metronidiazole

Front 23

someone comes in and complains of really bad hangover with little alcohol intake

Back 23

metronidazole. due to disukfiram like reaction

Front 24

can you give metronidazole to prego ladies?

Back 24

no, teratogenic

Front 25

which is better tolerated in terms of AE, metronidazole or tinidazole?

Back 25

tini

Front 26

Iodoquinol has what in its structure that results in itchyness?

Back 26

Iodine

Front 27

does lodoquinol have a good bioavalability?

Back 27

no

Front 28

where does iodoquinol work?

Back 28

in the lumen so only kills trophs and cyst in the lumen.

Front 29

use Iodoquinol for sym or asy pts?

Back 29

asy

Front 30

what are some AE for iodoquinol?

Back 30

puritis ani, anorexia, itchyness, dermititis, thyroid enlargementl, subacute myelo-optic neuropathy.

Front 31

pt comes in with itchy ass...drug?

Back 31

iodoquinol

Front 32

pt comes in with eye neuropathy (muscle wise)...drug

Back 32

iodoquinol

Front 33

pt comes in itchy with an enlarged thyroid...drug

Back 33

iodoquinol

Front 34

pt comes in with dermititis..drug

Back 34

iodoquinol

Front 35

is the subacute myelo-optic neuropathy reversibe?

Back 35

no

Front 36

what drug is used in asy parasitic infections that is an aminoglycoside...

Back 36

paromomycin

Front 37

does paromomycin treat things outside the lumen?

Back 37

no, luminocidal

Front 38

what are some AE for paromomycin?

Back 38

oto and nephrotox

Front 39

what agents can both iodoquinol and paromomycin be used to tx?

Back 39

giardia and amebiasis

Front 40

If someone is on nitazoxanide what do they probably have

Back 40

cryptosporidium

Front 41

what is the DOC for cryptosporidium?

Back 41

nitazoxanide

Front 42

if someone is HIV positive and gets cryptosporidium how do you tx

Back 42

leave on HAART therapy

Front 43

in general, what drugs treat giardiasis?

Back 43

all antiparasitics

Front 44

doc for trichomonas

Back 44

metro

Front 45

what class of drugs do mebendazole and albendazole belong to?

Back 45

benzimidazoles

Front 46

what is the MOA for benzimidazoles?

Back 46

the inhibit beta-tubulin that results in decrease formation of microtubules. this prevents the uptake of glucose so cell so round worm runs out of E and dies

Front 47

what is the MOA of pyrantel pamoate?

Back 47

causes activation of nicotinic ACH receptors and inhibits cholinesterase to help increase the concentration of ACH. this paralyzes the worm

Front 48

what is the MOA of ivermectin?

Back 48

binds to glutamate gated chloride channels. this causes increased permeability for chloride ions and the round worm hyperpolarizes. this results in paralysis and death.

Front 49

what 2 drugs are used to tx round worms in the gut

Back 49

mebendazole and albendazole

Front 50

what drugs will treat pinworms, hook worms, and whipworms in the gut?

Back 50

mebendazole and albendazole

Front 51

in general, what drug will treat round worms that are in the body?

Back 51

albendazole

Front 52

what drug treat cutaneous larval migrans?

Back 52

albendazole

Front 53

would mebendazole work to tx shistosomiais or lumbricoides?

Back 53

lumbricoides because it can not get into the tissues to treat shistosomiasis. only treats what is in the gut lumen

Front 54

in general what does pyrantel pamoate tx?

Back 54

roundworms in the gut

Front 55

what does ivermectin treat?

Back 55

roundworms in body and lumen.

Front 56

what is the DOC for onchocerciasis?

Back 56

ivermectin

Front 57

what drug used to treat roundworm body and lumen nfections if overdosed can casue coma?

Back 57

ivermectin

Front 58

why does ivermectin ususally not cause coma?

Back 58

cannot cross the blood brain barrier

Front 59

why does ivermectin have the ability to cause coma?

Back 59

activate GABA Cl- channels in the CNS and causes CNS depression

Front 60

Prego lady with itchy butt. what do you give her.

Back 60

pyrantal pamoate because not toratogenic

Front 61

What is the DOC for shistosomiasis and tapeworms?

Back 61

Praziquantel

Front 62

what drug used to treat tapeworms has an increase rate of abortions?

Back 62

praziquantel

Front 63

Do you use praziquantel in prego ladies?

Back 63

no, increase risk of abortions