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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Chief cells |
Secrete pepsinogen: breaks down proteins |
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Parietal cells |
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GERD Treatment |
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Onset & duration of antacids |
10-15 minutes, 2 hours |
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Antacids |
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If given milk with tums can cause this |
Milk-alkali |
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Renal damage can happen when... |
You take high doses of tums |
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H2-receptor antagonists |
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What shouldn't be given at the same time as H2-receptor antagonists? |
Antacids; decrease absorption |
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Proton pump inhibitors |
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Proton pump inhibitors side effects |
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What can cause calcium absorption interruption |
Proton pump inhibitors |
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Where is a gastric ulcer found |
Stomach |
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Duodenal ulcer found |
Small intestine |
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Risk factors for peptic ulcer disease |
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Duodenal ulcer signs & symptoms |
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Gastric ulcer signs & symptoms |
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What is the most common cause for duodenal ulcer? |
H. Pylori bacteria |
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Most common cause for gastric ulcers? |
NSAIDS |
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What type of ulcer is a male most commonly get? |
Duodenal ulcer |
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What type of ulcer does a female usually get? |
Gastric ulcer |
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PUD treatment goals |
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PUD Treatment |
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Helicobacter pylori type |
Gram negative |
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What drug combo is 1st choice to treat H. Pylori? |
Omeprazole (prilosec), clarithromycin (Biaxin) & amoxicillin (amoxil) |
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What drug combo is 2nd choice for H. Pylori? |
Proton pump inhibitors, clarithromycin (Biaxin) & metronidazole (Flagyl) |
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What drug combo is 3rd choice for H. Pylori? |
Proton pump inhibitors, bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismal), metronidazole (Flagyl) & tetracycline |
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Sucralfate (Carafate) what does it do? |
Creates a thick gel that coats ulcer to allow healing |
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Sucralfate (Carafate) side effects |
Constipation |
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Disadvantage of sucralfate (Carafate) |
Must be taken 4 times a day |
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Misoprostol (cytotec) what does it do? |
Inhibits gastric secretions & stimulates production of protective mucus |
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Misoprostol (cytotec) side effects |
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Metocopramide (reglan) what does it treat? |
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Metocopramide (reglan) side effects |
CNS effects: drowsiness, confusion & insomnia Long term use: tardive dyskinesia |
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Reasons for constipation |
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Bulk forming laxatives examples |
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Teaching with bulk forming laxatives |
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What do you check for before giving a saline cathartics |
Hypo bowel sounds |
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Why is it important to check bowel sounds before giving saline cathartics? |
If there is a bowel obstruction it can perforate the bowels |
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Common side effects of laxatives & cathartics |
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Saline cathartics examples |
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4 |
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Pulls water into the fecal mass to make stool more watery |
Saline cathartics |
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Stimulant laxative examples |
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Stimulant laxative action |
Promotes peristalsis by irritating bowel mucosa |
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Used for colonoscopy prep |
Saline cathartics |
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Stimulant laxative side effects |
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What two groups of laxatives may cause dehydration & F&E depletion & why |
Rapid acting |
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Stool softener or surfactant laxatives examples |
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Stool softener or surfactant laxatives action |
Cause more water & fat to be absorbed into stools |
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Used for prevention of constipation |
Stool softener |
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Herbal agent examples |
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Herbal agent action |
Irritates the bowel & increases peristalsis |
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Lubiprostone (Amitiza) Approved for |
Approved for chronic constipation & IBS in women |
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Methylnaltrexone (Relistor) used for |
Used for chronic constipation in those with advanced illness who are receiving opioids |
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Blocks the effects of opioids on the colon |
Methylnaltrexone (Relistor) |
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Causes of diarrhea |
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5 |
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Most effective diarrhea treatment |
Opioids |
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Opioids action |
Slows colon peristalsis (more time for fluid to be absorbed) |
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Opioid side effects |
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For short term use because of the potential dependence |
Opioids |
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Opioid antidiarrheals drugs |
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4 |
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Which opioid antidiarrheal is not a controlled substance |
Loperamide (Imodium) |
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Which opioid antidiarrheal is a schedule V drug? |
Diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) |
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Dosing for loperamide (Imodium) |
4mg first dose, 2mg with each episode up to 16mg/day |
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Dosing for diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) |
Up to 4 times daily (20mg/day max) |
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Bismuth salts (Pepto-Bismal) side effects |
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Lactobacillus acidophilus side effects |
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Octreotide (Sandostatin) side effects |
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Miscellaneous antidiarrheal drugs |
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Contraindications of antidiarrheals |
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IBS |
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IBD |
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IBS - irritable bowel syndrome |
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IBS signs & symptoms |
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IBS-D drugs |
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IBS-D drug side effects |
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IBS-C drug |
Lubiprostone (Amitiza) |
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IBD - inflammatory bowel disease |
Ulcers & mucosal erosion |
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Chrohn's disease signs & symptoms |
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Ulcerative colitis signs & symptoms |
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First step IBD drugs- ASA medications |
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IBD corticosteroid drugs |
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IBD immunosuppressant drugs |
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ASA medication side effects |
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What IBD drugs take 3- months until onset of action |
Immunosuppressants |
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When to use biologic drugs for IBD? |
When corticosteroid therapy is inable to control symptoms |
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TNF Inhibitors |
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Biologic therapies |
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Why are biologic therapies not the first step drugs? |
They are expensive and there is a high risk for infection. |
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What causes vomiting |
A reflex controlled by vomiting center in the medulla, triggered by signals from digestive tract, inner ear, and CTZ in cerebral cortex |
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Types of antiemetics |
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Anticholinergics and antihistamine Antiemetic drugs |
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Anticholinergics and antihistamine Antiemetic drug Side Effects |
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Benzodiazepine & Cannabinoids used for |
Nausea related to chemotherapy |
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Benzodiazepine & Cannabinoids Drugs |
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Corticosteroids Used for |
Short term therapy for chemo-induced and post-op N&V |
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Corticosteroids drugs |
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Corticosteroids side effects |
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Neurokinin Receptor Antagonist used for |
given prior to chemotherapy |
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Neurokinin Receptor Antagonist drug |
aprepitant (Emend) |
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Neurokinin Receptor Antagonist side effects |
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Phenothiazine & phenothiazine-like drugs |
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Phenothiazine & phenothiazine-like drug side effects |
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Serotonin Receptor Antagonist used for |
Nausea and Vomiting caused by
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Serotonin Receptor Antagonist drugs |
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Serotonin Receptor Antagonist side effects |
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