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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lactose
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Galactose + glucose
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Sucrose
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Glucose + fructose
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Carbohydrate absorption
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Only monosaccharides are absorbed by enterocytes
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SGLT1
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Sodium dependent transporter
Takes up glucose + galactose |
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GLUT2
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Transports monosaccharides from enterocyte to blood
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GLUT5
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Transports fructose from lumen to enterocyte
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Protein absorption
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Amino acids transported across enterocyte
Sodium co-transport |
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Hartnup disease
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Autosomal-recessive disorder
Defective neutral aa transporter on renal + int cells Tryptophan excretion in urine Decreased tryptophan abs from gut |
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Absorption of fat
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Chylomicrons leave mucosal cells an enter lymph
Reach the blood via the thoracic duct |
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Absorption of calcium
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Absorption by diffusion via paracellular pathway
Active absorption in duodenum |
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1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
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Controls calcium abs
Vit D metabolite Formed in kdney under parathyroid hormone control Binds to vit D receptor to increase Ca2+ pump exp |
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Absorption of iron
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Duodenum = maximum absorption
Active transport of Fe2+ into mucosa by DCT1 Fe3+ binds ferritin Active transport into plasma by IREG1 Transferrin binds Fe3+ in plasma |
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Small intestine
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Net absorber of water, Na+, Cl-, and K+
Net secretor of HCO3- |
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Colon
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Net absorber of water, Na+, Cl-
Net secretor of K+ and HCO3- |
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Causes of diarrhea
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Decreased NaCl absorption
Increased Cl- secretion |
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V. Cholerae
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Secretes toxin GM1 + A1 peptide
Decreased NaCl abs Increased Cl- secretion via CFTR Causes increased water in lumen |
