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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the retroperitoneal structures.
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Duodenum, Ascending colon, descending colon, pancreas, kidneys, adrenals, aorta, IVC, rectum, ureter
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What is the portal triad and what ligament is associated with it?
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hepatic artery, portal vein, common bile duct.
associated with the hepatoduodenal ligament |
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Name the layers of gut from outside in.
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Serosa, muscularis externa outer (longitudinal), Auerbacks plexus, externa inner (circular), submucosa (Meissners), Muscularis mucosa, lamina propria, epithelium
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The distal duodenum to the proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon are supplied by what artery?
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SMA
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Name 4 anastomoses if the abdominal aorta is blocked.
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Mammary to superior and inferior epigastric
superior - inferior pancreatic duodenal Middle - left colic superior rectal to middle rectal |
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Name the 3 sites of anastomoses in the portal system and their clinical
sx. |
Left gastric vein - esophageal(esophageal varices)
Superior rectal- middle and inferior rectal (internal hemorrhoids) Paraumbilical- superficial and inferior epigastric |
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Which zone of the liver is.......
1.) 1st affected by ischemia 2.) contains P450 3.) most sensitive to toxins 4.) affected first by viral hep 5. Assoc with alcoholic hepatitis |
1,2,3,5 = Zone 3
4= Zone 1 |
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From Lateral to medial name the structures in the femoral region.
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NAVEL
nerve, artery, vein, lymphatics |
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Name Hesselbachs triangle and what hernia goes through it.
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Direct
Lateral rectus abdominus, inguinal ligament, and inferior epigastric artery. |
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Why is pain associated with cholelithiasis after eating fatty meals?
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because the fatty meals increase CCK which in return causes gallbladder contraction
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How does Gastric Releasing peptide stimulate acid release?
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Indirectly by targeting G cells to release gastrin. The gastrin stimulates the ECL cells to release histamine. This causes the parietal cells to release acid
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What are brunners glands and where are they located?
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Produce bicarb to neutrolize acid coming from the stomache. They are located in the duodenal submucosa
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Where is iron absorbed?
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In the duodenum and only as Fe 2+
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What is the most common salivary gland tumor? What is the most common malignant salivary gland tumor? What is a benign tumor of the salivary gland that is surrounded by lymphatics?
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1 = pleomorphic adenoma
2 = mucoepidermoid carcinoma 3 = Warthin's tumor |
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A) associated with bulimia and vomiting blood
b) assoc with vomiting and involves a rupture in the esophagus c) Triad of Dysphagia, Glossitis, IDA |
A = Mallory Weiss syndrome
B = Boerhaave syndrome C = Plummer Vinson syndrome |
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A 70 year old man comes in with arthralgia, Cardiac probs and neurologic probs. The doctor finds Tropheryma whippeli in the blood stream. What is this disease?
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Whipples disease
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A patient has blisters all over the skin in which is described as dermatitis herpatiformis. What GI disease is this most associated with?
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Celiac disease
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A person experiences severe abdominal pain. The physician asks the patient if it occurs while eating and the patient says no eating helps relieve it. Is it a Gastric or duodenal ulcer?
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Duodenal ulcer
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Label if Chrons or UC
1= continuous lesions 2= cobblestone 3creeping fat 4= lead pipe appearance 5=associated with colorectal carcinoma 6= noncaseating granulomas 7=string sign 8= almost alwasy presents with bloody diarrhea |
1=UC
2=Chrons 3=Chrons 4= UC 5= UC 6= Chrons 7= Chrons 8= UC |
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What is the DDX for acute apendicitis?
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ectopic pregnancy and diverticulitis
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A patient comes in with chronic constipation. They are diagnosed with Hirshprungs disease. What is the root cause of this disease?
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Failure of neural crest cells to migrate so dont have auerbachs and meissners plexuses
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What is the difference between Gardners and Turcots syndrome?
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Gardners involves FAP + osseous membrane and soft tissue tumors as well as retinal hyperplasia
Turcots involves CNS tumor (Turcots = Turban) |
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When do you see macronodular nodules in cirrhosis of the liver?
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Post infectious or drug induced hepatitis
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Metoclopramide is used for what?
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Its a D2 antagonist. Its used for diabetic and post surgery gastroparesis
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Treatment for Chrons?
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Infliximab and Sulfasalazine
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Cimetidine is used for what and is in what class of drugs?
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H2 blocker and used for peptic ulcers, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux
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A patient has CEA and CA19-9 tumor markers? It is also associated with Trousseaus and Courvoisiers
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Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Trousseaus = migratory thrombophlebitis Courvoisiers = obstructive jaundice with a palpable gallbladder |
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A patient comes in with jaundice, fever, and a positive Murphy's sign. What are they diagnosed with?
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cholelithiasis
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A man comes in with jaundice, dark urine, light stools, and hepatosplenomegaly. He is found to have serum mitochondrial antibodies. What does he have?
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Primary biliary cirrhosis
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What is associated with asterixis, basal ganglia degeneration, Ceruloplasmin decrease, Cirrhosis, corneal deposits, carcinoma, choreiform movements, dementia, hemolytic anemia?
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Wilsons disease (copper accumulation)
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What is associated with centrilobar congestion, occlusion of IVC, polycythemia vera, visable abdominal veins but no JVD?
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Budd Chiari syndrome
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What is associated with Mallory bodies?
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Alcoholic hepatitis
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