Geriatrics Mt1 - Intro

Front 1

T/F - Aging involves disease processes.

Back 1

False - see definition of aging

Front 2

An older American in the US is defined as __ yrs or older.

Back 2

65

Front 3

What is the fastest growing age group?

Back 3

85+

Front 4

In 2030, the population is expected to (double/triple) due to _____.

Back 4

double, baby boomer generation

Front 5

T/F - Older women outnumber older men.

Back 5

True

Front 6

T/F - There are more older people in the US compared to most European countries.

Back 6

False - more older people in Europe vs. the US

Front 7

T/F - Italy and Japan have similar percentages of older people.

Back 7

True

Front 8

T/F - Over half of the 85+ aged men are married.

Back 8

True (60%)

Front 9

T/F - There are more married older men than married older women.

Back 9

True (due to women more likely widowed vs men)

Front 10

What are the reasons for why women are more likely widowed vs men?

Back 10

- Life expectancy, - Women marry slightly older men, - Higher remarriage rates for widowed men

Front 11

T/F - The percentage of older people in recent years having an educational degree is higher than in 1965.

Back 11

True

Front 12

T/F - The % of older folks with a high school degree is increasing at a slower rate than % of those with a bachelor's.

Back 12

False - faster rate

Front 13

Most older American men tend to live with:

Back 13

A) With their relatives, B) With non-relatives, C) With their spouse, D) Alone

Front 14

What ethnic group tends to have their older population living with relatives?

Back 14

Hispanics

Front 15

(Older people/children) tend to have a higher instance of poverty in recent years.

Back 15

Children

Front 16

(Older people/children) tend to have a higher instance of poverty in 1959.

Back 16

Older people

Front 17

Poor older men tend to outnumber poor older women.

Back 17

False - women more than men

Front 18

Which has a higher rate of poverty - age 56-75 or 75+?

Back 18

75+ slightly higher

Front 19

Which has a higher rate of poverty in the older population - Blacks or Hispanics?

Back 19

Blacks

Front 20

What is the 1st greatest source of income for older people? 2nd? 3rd? 4th?

Back 20

1 = Social Security, 2 = Earnings, 3 = Pensions, 4 = Asset income

Front 21

T/F - Older Americans are wealthy.

Back 21

True

Front 22

T/F - The net worth of older people with some college or more is increasing at a faster rate over time vs. those with only a high school diploma.

Back 22

True

Front 23

T/F - More older men in recent years are working vs 15 yrs ago.

Back 23

True

Front 24

T/F - Less older women are working in recent years vs 20 years ago.

Back 24

False - more women working in recent years vs the past (but 70+ is somewhat stable)

Front 25

T/F - More older men were working in the 60s vs recent years.

Back 25

True

Front 26

T/F - Most older Americans are not part of the workforce.

Back 26

False - most older Americans are still working.

Front 27

What is the largest expenditure of older folks?

Back 27

Housing (34%)

Front 28

What expense dramatically goes up for 65+?

Back 28

Healthcare

Front 29

T/F - Life expectancy has risen only slightly (about 3-4 years) since 1900.

Back 29

False - from 7 more years beyond 65 yrs old to 18.7.

Front 30

T/F - Life expectancy is relatively high in the US compared to other industrialized countries.

Back 30

False - lower than many other industrialized countries

Front 31

What is the leading cause of death 65 yrs or older in 2004? 2nd? 3rd?

Back 31

Heart disease, Cancer, Stroke

Front 32

T/F - Between 1981 and 2004, death rates has been somewhat steady.

Back 32

False - has declined (by 18%)

Front 33

T/F - Death rates due to heart disease and stroke in 2004 is greater than in 1981.

Back 33

False - has declined by 44% from 1981 to 2004.

Front 34

T/F - Death rates due to diabetes has increased since 1981 to 2004.

Back 34

True

Front 35

T/F - Death rates for chronic lower respiratory diseases has remained stable since 1981 to 2004.

Back 35

False - increased

Front 36

T/F - More men suffer with heart disease vs women

Back 36

True

Front 37

T/F - More women suffer with arthritis vs men.

Back 37

True

Front 38

What are the three highest chronic health conditions?

Back 38

HTN, arthritis, heart disease

Front 39

What is the order of prevalence of the following in older folks: Trouble hearing, trouble seeing, no natural teeth.

Back 39

1 = Trouble hearing, 2 = No natural teeth, 3 = Trouble seeing

Front 40

T/F - More men have vision trouble vs women.

Back 40

False - women slightly higher

Front 41

What is the #1 ocular problem in older folks?

Back 41

Cataracts

Front 42

T/F - The incidence of glaucoma and macular degeneration is similar in older folks.

Back 42

True (16%)

Front 43

T/F - Most older people generally feel healthy.

Back 43

True

Front 44

T/F - Hispanics report better health than any other group.

Back 44

False - non-hispanic whites

Front 45

T/F - Depression rates tend to be higher in older men vs older women.

Back 45

False - older women have higher rates

Front 46

T/F - The 65-69 group tend to have more incidence of depressive Sx vs the 85+.

Back 46

False - 85+ tend to have more incidence of depressive Sx

Front 47

T/F - There is a significant incidence of serious mental illness in older pepole.

Back 47

False - low incidence

Front 48

T/F - Walking 2-3 blocks is the most prevalent functional limitation in people 65+.

Back 48

True

Front 49

T/F - The % of functional limitations decline from 1992 to 2005.

Back 49

True

Front 50

T/F - Men reported more functional limitations than women.

Back 50

False - women reported more functional limitations

Front 51

T/F - Mortality rates are declining leading to a larger pop of older Americans.

Back 51

True

Front 52

T/F - All causes of mortality are declining except for diabetes and respiratory problems.

Back 52

True

Front 53

What is the leading cause of blindness in older folks?

Back 53

Cataracts

Front 54

T/F - Overall, the % of depression is significant in the older population.

Back 54

False - depression % is low

Front 55

T/F - Older men are more active than older women.

Back 55

True

Front 56

T/F - More older men are overweight vs older women.

Back 56

False - more older women overweight

Front 57

Describe the trend over time with cigarette smoking in older people.

Back 57

Overall decreasing trend but slight up-tick for men in recent years.

Front 58

Cigarette smoking is the #__ leading cause of death in 65+.

Back 58

4

Front 59

T/F - More older men formerly smoked vs. older women.

Back 59

True

Front 60

T/F - Watching TV takes up over half of leisure time in older folks.

Back 60

True

Front 61

T/F - Socialization remains stable over time in older folks.

Back 61

False - declines

Front 62

T/F - Length of stay for older folks in health care facilities has increased.

Back 62

False - decreased

Front 63

T/F - Skilled nursing facility stays has increased over time.

Back 63

True

Front 64

T/F - Older Americans use health care more than any other group.

Back 64

True

Front 65

T/F - The cost of health care is similar with middle age vs older people.

Back 65

False - older has substantially higher cost

Front 66

What is the #1 health care expense for older folks?

Back 66

Hospital and physician services

Front 67

T/F - Rx drug costs has risen dramatically in recent years.

Back 67

True

Front 68

T/F - More and more older Americans are inpatient or are in long term care facilities.

Back 68

False - fewer

Front 69

T/F - Enrollment in private insurance has risen for older folks.

Back 69

True

Front 70

T/F - Medicare pays about half of the health care costs for older Americans.

Back 70

True

Front 71

T/F - Medicare covers prescription drugs, dental, and nursing home fees

Back 71

False - covered by supplemental insurance

Front 72

T/F - Medicare covers SRx once, only after cataract surgery.

Back 72

True

Front 73

T/F - Medicare covers the refraction portion of the eye exam.

Back 73

False

Front 74

T/F - More older Americans are using nursing homes in recent years.

Back 74

False - declining

Front 75

T/F - Private insurance is the primary payer of healthcare costs in older people.

Back 75

False - Medicare

Front 76

What is the average # of prescriptions for older people?

Back 76

30

Front 77

T/F - There is a mild decline in psychomotor and problem solving in older folks.

Back 77

True

Front 78

T/F - Mental reasoning (logic) is stable in older folks.

Back 78

False - slightly impaired

Front 79

T/F - Learning remains but needs more time to give response after stimulus in older folks.

Back 79

True

Front 80

T/F - Older folks are less responsive to stimuli therefore are not as easy to distract.

Back 80

False - easy to distract

Front 81

How is memory affected in older people?

Back 81

- Little change in primary memory, - Short term memory declines a little, - No change in recognition memory, - Moderate decline in visual retention in 50s-60s but severe in older groups

Front 82

T/F - Mental impairment is part of the process of aging

Back 82

False - NOT a normal aging process

Front 83

What can cause delirium in older pts?

Back 83

acute confusion

Front 84

What can cause dementia in older pts?

Back 84

Alzheimer's

Front 85

T/F - Older folks tend to be lonely.

Back 85

False - this is a myth

Front 86

T/F - Many older people are going back to school.

Back 86

True