Geology Test

Front 1

How do you calculate the density of a rock?

Back 1

Mass/Volume = Density

(Mass over volume equals density)

Front 2

Differentiate a rock, a mineral and a crystal?

Back 2

Rock: A collection of different minerals.
Mineral: Naturally occurring, inorganic, solid substance.
Crystal: A solid formed by pressure and heat.

Hint 2

Collection
Naturally occurring
Pressing

Front 3

List eight tests to identify a mineral?

Back 3

Crystalline habit
Cleavage
Colour
Streak
Scratch or hardness
Lustre
Magnetism
Specific gravity or density

Hint 3

Crystals, boobs, sight, hair, itch, shine, magnet, division or moon.

Front 4

List three volcanic (extrusive) and three plutonic (intrusive)?

Back 4

Basalt, obsidian, pumice

Gabbro, granite, diorite

Hint 4

BOP

GGD

Front 5

What's the most unique feature of a composite volcano?

Back 5

The build up of layers of lava and ash, and high viscosity lava.

Hint 5

building up

Front 6

What is a sill and what is a dike?

Back 6

A sill is a flat plain of magma that is parallel to the strata.

A dike is and intrusion of magma that cuts vertically through strata.

Hint 6

Horizon and vert, strata, intrustion

Front 7

What are the three forms of sedimentary rocks?

Back 7

Clastic, organic and chemical.

Hint 7

COC :\

Front 8

How are sedimentary rocks made? (List in four steps.)

Back 8

1. Rocks are weathered

2. The sediment is deposited

3. Erosion occurs
4. Compaction and cementation

Hint 8

WDECC

Front 9

How are conglomerate and limestone formed differently?

Back 9

Conglomerate: Clastic rock, roughly sorted
Limestone: Chemical rock, made from shells of dead sea animals.

Hint 9

Plastic and chemistry

Front 10

Where would rocks with graded bedding likely to be formed?

Back 10

Ocean floors, where river sediment has built and toppled over the continental shelf.

Hint 10

River and ocean

Front 11

Describe how an angular conformity might be formed?

Back 11

Flat layers twist and fold. Then weathering sets in and the top is flattened. After this, new layers are deposited.

TR;DR Flat layers, folding, weathering, new layers over the top.

Hint 11

Layers, folding...

Front 12

In what environments would high levels of silt be formed?

Back 12

Calm river beds, or slow moving water.

Hint 12

Chill

Front 13

What are three laws used in dating rocks without fossils?

Back 13

The Law of superposition (Top layers are newest)
The Principle of original horizontality (sediment is deposited horizontally.)
Angular conformity (Flat layers, folding, weathering, new layers over the top)

Hint 13

Law of Super man
Origin
Conform to acuteness!

Front 14

How do scientists use index fossils to date rocks layers?

Back 14

They compare fossils (that lived a small amount of time) with the same fossil in other rocks, finding out the relative age of the rock.

Hint 14

Compare the pair
Same fossils
Same time

Front 15

What are some of the ancient fossils found in Australia?

Back 15

The fossils found in Australia are called 'megafauna,' large animals that used to roam the land. They're usually 30% bigger than their closest relatives.

Hint 15

Megafauna, large 30%