Geology Test 1 - Magmas And Igneous Rocks (3)

Front 1

igneous rocks

Back 1

cooling magma that has crystallized

Front 2

dominant minerals in igneous rocks are what type?

Back 2

silicate minerals

Front 3

how igneous rocks are classfied

Back 3

based on mineral content, amount of silica, texture

Front 4

what determines crystal or grain size

Back 4

rate of cooling

Front 5

Slow cooling rate leads to:

Back 5

large crystals, because there was a lot of time for the crystals to grow big

Front 6

fast cooling rate leads to:

Back 6

small crystals, there wasn't enough time for them to grow big

Front 7

magma that crystallizes inside earth cools ______ because ____

Back 7

slowly, because it has difficulty losing heat

Front 8

magma is small bodies crystallizing very close to surface or enclosed in cool rock cool _____ and have ______ crystals

Back 8

quickly, small crystals

Front 9

magmas erupting onto earth's surface cool _____ and have ______ crystals

Back 9

very quickly, microscopic crystals or even glass

Front 10

where do plutonic igneous rocks crystallize?

Back 10

at depth

Front 11

plutonic igneous rocks have _____ crystals

Back 11

large crystals, they possess individual mineral crystals

Front 12

4 common plutonic igenous rocks

Back 12

On Pluto, parrots gab about diets and grannies

Peridotite
Gabbro
Diorite
Granite

Front 13

volcanic igneous rokcs have ______ crystals

Back 13

small crystals (or glass)

Front 14

volcanic igneous rocks form ______

Back 14

at Earth's surface

Front 15

3 common volcanic igneous rocks

Back 15

In volcanoes, bagels and rye

Basalt
Andesite
Rhyolite

Front 16

Plutons

Back 16

bodies of igneous rocks that have crystallized slowly at depth

Front 17

Intrusive rocks

Back 17

formed from magmas that were intruded into pre-existing rocks

Front 18

Are plutons intrusive or extrusive?

Back 18

INTRUSIVE!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Front 19

batholiths

Back 19

very large plutons

Front 20

dikes

Back 20

usually tabular shaped plutons

form as magmas crystallize in FRACTURES

Front 21

figure from high to low temp. what are the minerals from top to bottom?

Back 21

olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite, feldspar & muscovite & quartz

Front 22

figure from high to low temp. what does the top of figure show?

Back 22

minerals with higher crystallization (melting) temperatures

Front 23

figure from high to low temp. what does the bottom of the figure show?

Back 23

minerals that normally crystallize (melt) at lower temperatures

Front 24

figure from high to low temp. from top to bottom, silica content __________

Back 24

increases

Front 25

figure from high to low temp. from top to bottom, alkali element content ___________

Back 25

increases

Front 26

figure from high to low temp. from top to bottom, Magnesium and Iron content __________

Back 26

decreases

Front 27

figure from high to low temp. from top to bottom, which is mafic and which is felsic?

Back 27

Top: Mafic
Bottom: Felsic

Front 28

what are the alkali elements

Back 28

K and Na, Potassium and Sodium

Front 29

Mafic minerals are rich in _______ and poor in ______

Back 29

rich in Mg and Fe

poor in silica

poor in alkali elements (K and Na)

Front 30

Felsi minerals are rich in _______ and poor in _______

Back 30

rich in silica

rich in alkali elements (K and Na)

poor in Mg and Fe

Front 31

Higher temperature minerals are ______ (mafic or felsic)

Back 31

mafic

Front 32

lower temperature minerals are ______ (mafic or felsic)

Back 32

felsic

Front 33

high temp minerals makeup these:

Back 33

HIGH TEMP BAGels

basalts and gabbros

Front 34

lower temp minerals makeup these:

Back 34

LOW TEMP GAR

granites and rhyolites

Front 35

if magma crystallizes completely and as a closed system, resulting rock:

Back 35

will have same composition as original magma

Front 36

if a local volume is melted completely, the magma produced:

Back 36

will have same composition as source that was melted

Front 37

if a local volume is partially melted, the magma produced:

Back 37

will be more felsic than the source rocks because felsic components melt first

Front 38

fractional crystallization

Back 38

can result in residual magma that is more felsic than the original magma

as magma is cooling, crystallizing minerals are removed