Geology Test 1

Front 1

True or False. Faults that cross rock layers are older than the rock layers they cut across.

Back 1

False

Front 2

True or False. The major divisions of the geologic time scale are based on fossils.

Back 2

True

Front 3

The geologists that made the hazard map for the area surrounding volcano Nevado del Ruiz determined that the town of Armero had a high risk of a lahar if the volcano erupted, even though the town was 25 miles away. How?

Back 3

They found that Armero was built upon lahar deposits from previous eruptions

Front 4

What is true about scientific theories?

Back 4

A scientific hypothesis that has undergone rigorous examination and testing is promoted to a scientific theory. A theory explains all existing data and predicts future data.

Front 5

True or False. Each layer of the Earth (core, mantle, crust) has a different density.

Back 5

True

Front 6

True or False. The oceanic crust is denser than the continental crust

Back 6

True.

Front 7

What is the inner core made up of?

Back 7

solid iron and nickel

Front 8

What is the outer core made up of?

Back 8

liquid iron and nickel

Front 9

What is the mantle made up of?

Back 9

Fe and Mg- rich silicates

Front 10

What is the crust made up of?

Back 10

Al-rich silicates

Front 11

The crater that resulted from the collision 65 million years ago (that has also been implicated in the extinction of dinosaurs) is found in

Back 11

The Yucatan Peninnsula, Mexico

Front 12

The inner core is solid and the outer core is liquid because

Back 12

The pressure is great enough in the inner core to force that material to be solid

Front 13

How have we come up with the age of the Earth?

Back 13

by Dating meteors that have fallen to earth

Front 14

True or False. The Earth is struck every day by small meteoroids

Back 14

True.

Front 15

What are 2 ways that a gas can become a solid?

Back 15

cool the gas and increase the pressure on the gas

Front 16

What three things have produced Earth's internal heat?

Back 16

impacts, gravitational contraction, and radioactive decay

Front 17

The lithosphere is composed of the

Back 17

crust and the uppermost part of the mantle

Front 18

Chemically, the Moon is quite similar to

Back 18

Earth's mantle

Front 19

Aside from Earth, the terrestrial planets are

Back 19

Mars, Mercury and Venus

Front 20

True or False. The line of 0 degrees longitude is the equator

Back 20

False.

Front 21

Of the three primary layers of the Earth (crust, mantle, core), which is the thickest layer?

Back 21

Mantle

Front 22

True or False. Iridium is an element that is fairly common in the Earth's crust

Back 22

False.

Front 23

Atoms that are heavier than iron are generally produced by

Back 23

explosion of supernovas

Front 24

As compared to the continental crust, the rocks that make up the oceanic crust are

Back 24

denser

Front 25

Which layer is partially molten?

Back 25

asthenosphere

Front 26

The partially molten layer upon which the tectonic plates move

Back 26

asthenosphere

Front 27

True or False. The scale 1:24000 indicates that the map has a scale of 1 inch = 24,000 feet

Back 27

False.

Front 28

What 2 factors made the formation of the Earth's core possible?

Back 28

iron is denser than rock, Earth was very hot

Front 29

The Earth has few craters because

Back 29

They have been destroyed by erosion and mountain building

Front 30

On average, continental crust is approximately _______ as oceanic crust

Back 30

5 times as thick

Front 31

True or False. Increasing the pressure on a rock will cause it to melt.

Back 31

False.

Front 32

The first step in the scientific method is

Back 32

to identify a problem that needs solving

Front 33

True or False. We can interpret where an ancient rock was originally deposited by comparing it to current environments on our planet, such as beaches and rivers.

Back 33

True

Front 34

True or False. The same species of fossil reptile has been found on different continents because there were land bridges that connected the continents.

Back 34

False

Front 35

The three families of rocks are

Back 35

igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

Front 36

What is a lahar?

Back 36

A flow of volcanic ash mixed with water

Front 37

What 3 processes move the tectonic plates?

Back 37

Ridge push, Slab pull, Convection of the mantle

Front 38

A plate boundary you are investigating has a central valley, with a string of lakes, and volcanoes in some of the lakes. What kind of plate boundary are you investigating?

Back 38

Continental Rift

Front 39

True or False. Tectonic plates move about 2 kilometers per year.

Back 39

False

Front 40

What type of motion is found along a transform plate boundary?

Back 40

Plates are sliding past one another

Front 41

What evidence helped to complete the theory of plate tectonics?

Back 41

age of the seafloor, thickness of sediment on the ocean floor, magnetic anomalies of the ocean floor, discovery of mountain chains in the middle of ocean basins

Front 42

True or False. The San Andreas Fault is along a C-C convergent plate boundary

Back 42

False

Front 43

True or False. The Hawaiian Islands have a well defined Benioff zone.

Back 43

False

Front 44

The type of plate boundary that formed the Andes Mountains of South America

Back 44

o-c convergent

Front 45

True or False. Trenches are found at o-c convergent boundaries

Back 45

True.

Front 46

The Earth's magnetic field has reversed many times due to

Back 46

No one is exactly sure, but it has something to do with the rotation of the inner core, and circulation of the outer core

Front 47

True or False. If plate motions continue, an ocean basin will form in eastern Africa

Back 47

True

Front 48

The pattern of earthquake depths of shallow near an oceanic trench, and progressively deeper away from the trench is a pattern seen at which of the following types of plate boundaries

Back 48

an o-o convergent boundary and an o-c convergent boundary

Front 49

True or False. Midocean ridges form where one plate carrying oceanic crust subducts beneath another plate carrying oceanic crust (o-o collision)

Back 49

False

Front 50

Iceland is an example of what type of plate boundary?

Back 50

Divergent plate boundary

Front 51

The Rocky Mountains are thought to have formed from

Back 51

The Farallon Plate subducted at an unusually shallow angle

Front 52

True or False. The asthenosphere is located directed beneath the crust.

Back 52

False

Front 53

At which plate boundaries will you find the deepest earthquakes?

Back 53

o-o convergent

Front 54

True or False. The east coast of the U.S. is along a convergent plate boundary.

Back 54

False