Geology - Rock Cycle

Front 1

how do igneous rocks form?

Back 1

from magma or lava cooling into solid rock

Front 2

what is magma?

Back 2

molton rock within the earth

Front 3

what is lava?

Back 3

molton rock on earths surface

Front 4

what are the most common rocks in earth?

Back 4

igneous

Front 5

where are most igneous rocks found?

Back 5

within the crust

Front 6

mineral grains form within earths crust

cool slowly

large mineral grains

Back 6

igneous intrusive

Front 7

example of ingneous intrusive rock

Back 7

granite

Front 8

mineral grains form on earths surface

cool quickly

form smal mineral grains

Back 8

igneous extrusive

Front 9

example of igneous extrusive rocks

Back 9

basalt pumice obsidian

Front 10

what are the most coomo rocks on earths surface

Back 10

sedimentary rocks

Front 11

what % of surface rock is sedimentary rocks

Back 11

75%

Front 12

sedimentary rocks are formed by

Back 12

rock seidments weathered and eroded from igneous and metamorphic rock

Front 13

what are sedimentary rocks classified by

Back 13

composition and how they were formed

Front 14

how do sediemntary rocks typically form

Back 14

in layers

Front 15

what causes a rock to be detrtial seidmentary

Back 15

rocks made from borken fragments of other rocks compacted and cemented togther

Front 16

what is weathering caused by

Back 16

chemical or mechanical agents (wind water ice_)

Front 17

what is compaction

Back 17

erosion by wind water ice moves rock seidment to a place where they are deposted

Front 18

what compats and compressed rock particles

Back 18

layer upon layer

Front 19

what is cementation

Back 19

minerals dissolved by h20 moving through soil and acting lyk natural glue

Front 20

part 2 of cementation

Back 20

the dissolved minerals then enter spaces between rock sedients then causing them to stick together

Front 21

5 detrital categories in order:

Back 21

congolomerate
breccis
sandstone
siltstojnn
shale

Front 22

conglomerate

Back 22

rounded large sediments

Front 23

breccia

Back 23

not rounded more angular

Front 24

most cement naturally comes from

Back 24

calcite and quartzite

Front 25

sedimentary process due to cementaion and compression

Back 25

lithification

Front 26

sanstone

Back 26

smaller than conglomerate and breccia particles

sand grains

Front 27

siltston

Back 27

smalller tan sanbd,particles from slit(medium sized soil particles)

Front 28

shalke

Back 28

very small particles formed from clay seidment

Front 29

chemical seidmentary rock

Back 29

form from dissolved mienral coming out of solution or by evaportation

Front 30

calcium carbonate comes out of solution as calcite and other minerals and seidments.most come from deposition of seidment frm oceans that once covered the land

Back 30

limestone

Front 31

the mineral halite forms from evaportation of ancienct lakes and seas

Back 31

rocksalt

Front 32

biochemical sedimentary rocks

Back 32

formed from remain of once living organisms

Front 33

made of calcite cemneted shells and remains of snails clams coralss

Back 33

fossil rich limestone

Front 34

comprised oflarge sized shells

Back 34

coquina

Front 35

comprised of small microscopic shell desris

Back 35

chalk

Front 36

formed from dead remains of plants from anciet wamps alterted and chemically compacted

Back 36

coal

Front 37

mtamorphic rock

Back 37

rocks that have undergone change due to incresed temperture and/or pressure

Front 38

what can rocks b prior to metamorping

Back 38

sedimentary igneou or metamorphic

Front 39

foliated metamorphic

Back 39

when mineral grains flatten and line up in parrelell layers

Front 40

nonfoliated metamorphic

Back 40

mineral grains grow and rearrange their structure but dnt form layers when under heat and pressure