Geology Final

Front 1

?

Back 1

?

Front 2

what mass wasting event often involves movement over a volume of compressed air?

Back 2

debris avalanche

Front 3

what mass wasting event is most commonly associated with an earthquake?

Back 3

landslides/mudflow

Front 4

4. what mass wasting event is commoner in areas of permafrost?

Back 4

solifluction which is a type of earthflow

Front 5

5. what is the slowest moving mass wasting process?

Back 5

creep

Front 6

6. after gravity, name a major cause of mass wasting

Back 6

water

Front 7

7. when surveying hillside property on which you plan to build a home, what would you use as evidence of former mass wasting?

Back 7

tilted gravestones, bent or broken walls, tilted posts

Front 8

8. which common method is used to stabilize a hillside?

Back 8

use of drains, build retaining wall where a cut has been made in the slope, hillside can be cut back in a series of terraces rather than a steep slope, vegetation cover, "stitching"

Front 9

9. what is permafrost?

Back 9

ground that remains permanently frozen for many years

Front 10

10. what part of the glacier is commonly associated with abrasion and plucking?

Back 10

zone of ablation or bedrock

Front 11

11. what common crust valley profiles are eroded and deepened into canyons and valleys by alpine or valley glaciers?

Back 11

U shaped valley

Front 12

12. what depositional feature is composed of till and is only associated with continental glaciations not alpine glaciers?

Back 12

drumlin

Front 13

13. which of these glacial features are typically found in close proximity?

Back 13

?

Front 14

14. what glacial feature forms a depression?

Back 14

kettle

Front 15

15. which of these only occurs where a glacier enters the sea?

Back 15

iceberg

Front 16

16. after glacier ice has melted, which glacial landform is likely to host a waterfall or steep rapids?

Back 16

?

Front 17

17. which glacial landform is likely to be situated beside a large end moraine?

Back 17

lakes

Front 18

which moraine is only formed by the merging of two lateral moraines at a junction of two valley glaciers?

Back 18

medial moraine

Front 19

19. where are the world's largest ice sheets located today?

Back 19

Greenland and Antarctica

Front 20

20. What is the mountain belt that forms the western part of North America called?

Back 20

North American Cordillera

Front 21

21. A craton is formed by?

Back 21

uplift and erosion

Front 22

22. What is the Precambrian Shield?

Back 22

a complex of precambrian metamorphic and plutonic rocks exposed over a large area. It represents the roots of mountain ranges that completed the deformation process more than 1 billion yrs ago.

Front 23

23. What do folds and reverse faults in a mountain belt suggest?

Back 23

crustal shortening

Front 24

24. To explain fold and thrust belts, simultaneous normal faulting, and how uplift of once deep-seated metamorphic rocks rise to upper levels of a mountain belt, geologists use____?

Back 24

orogeny

Front 25

25. What does a Wilson Cycle describe?

Back 25

the cycle of splitting of a supercontinent, opening of an ocean basin, and collision of continents

Front 26

26. What is the detachment part of the mantle portion of the lithosphere beneeath a mountal called?

Back 26

rifting

Front 27

27. What forms terranes?

Back 27

microcontinents, ocean crustal fragments, and fragments of distant continents (all of the above)

Front 28

28. In which form does the hanging wall move upward over the footwall?

Back 28

reverse fault

Front 29

How would you describe stress?

Back 29

a force acting on a body or rock unit that tends to change the size or shape of that body or rock unit.

Front 30

30. What is the compass direction of a line formed by the intersection of an entire plane witha horizontal plane called?

Back 30

strike

Front 31

31. Which stress configuratio results in the forming of flat line sedimentary strata?

Back 31

compressive stress

Front 32

32. In which type of fold do the oldest rocks usually form the axial core?

Back 32

anticline

Front 33

33. What is anticline?

Back 33

limbs dip away from the cinter hinge, oldest rocks are in the middle, youngest rocks on the outside

Front 34

34. What is syncline?

Back 34

limbs of a syncline dip toward the hing; oldest rocks on outside, youngest on inside

Front 35

35. What is a structure in which the beds dip away from a coastal point?

Back 35

structural dome

Front 36

36. Which of these structures is not a type of fold?

Back 36

thrust

Front 37

37. What kind of strain produces a normal fold?

Back 37

extensional

Front 38

38. What are faults called in which older rock typically moves up over younger rock?

Back 38

thrust faults

Front 39

39. Which direction does the hanging wall block move in a reverse fault with respect to the footwall block?

Back 39

up, resulting in compressional stress

Front 40

40. Which is a structure in which the beds dip towards a central point called?

Back 40

structural basin

Front 41

41. What do you call fractures in bedrock along which movement has taken place?

Back 41

faults

Front 42

42. What force pushes ground water from pore to pore below the water table?

Back 42

gravity

Front 43

43. What is common in an unconfined water table around a pumping well?

Back 43

contamination or cone of depression

Front 44

44. Which rock is likely to be the most porous?

Back 44

shale

Front 45

45. Which sedimentary rock is likely to be the most permeable?

Back 45

sandstone

Front 46

46. What rock type could be a good example of an aquifer?

Back 46

sandstone

Front 47

47. What rock or sediment type is likely to be an effective aquifer?

Back 47

wet mud?

Front 48

48. Within the zone of saturation, ground water flows from the region of?

Back 48

ground water flows from areas of high hydraulic head to low hydraulic head/ WATER TABLE

Front 49

49. Which three world famous regions contain large numbers of geezers?

Back 49

Yellowstone Nat'l Park, Wyoming, The Geysers, CA, and ?

Front 50

50. Which bedrock is associated with the development of past topography?

Back 50

?