Geology Final

Front 1

Organisms That survived the KT extinction

Back 1

Mammals

Front 2

Scientists Who discovered the cause of the KT extinction

Back 2

Alvarez

Front 3

Organisms found living at temperatures between 60 and 80 degrees C.

Back 3

Thermophiles

Front 4

Atom or Molecule with either a positive or negative charge

Back 4

Ion

Front 5

What archaea can do that other domains cant

Back 5

Methanogenesis-they are capable of producing methane

Front 6

Why is Mars Red

Back 6

Iron

Front 7

Element used to reconstruct the amount of Continental erosion

Back 7

Strontium 86Sr or 87Sr

87 is unstable or radiogenic

Front 8

Tectonic setting that you can find in the middle of the oceans

Back 8

mid-oceanic ridge

Front 9

what is the name of the supercontinent during the Permain

Back 9

Pangea

Front 10

Number of glacial events there have there been in the past 800,000 years

Back 10

8

Front 11

Human Activity that influences the soils carbon reservoir

Back 11

Fertilizing

Front 12

In ancient oceans This produces Oxygen and causes dissolved Fe 2+ to be converted to Fe 3+ which then precipitated as the insoluble iron oxide Fe2O3

Back 12

Photosynthesis

Front 13

group of plants that has increased in proportion during the pas 8 million years

Back 13

C4 or grass

Front 14

Green Mineral you can find on Hawaii Beaches

Back 14

Olivine

Front 15

magma cooling fast at or near the Earth's surface forms _ _ rocks

Back 15

Volcanic/Extrusive

Front 16

Density and Units of Oceanic Crust

Back 16

3.2 g/cm3

Front 17

Ecological Plant Zones

Back 17

Temperate forest C3
Grasslands C4

Front 18

Tibetan Plateau and Himalaya start to rise

Back 18

40/20 million years ago

Front 19

What Defines Life

Back 19

Heredity
Cell Organization
Reproduction
Environment Sensitive and Responsive-change and react to environment
Growth and Repair

Front 20

Names for the reactants in this equation:
2 NaAlSi3O8 + 2 CO2 + H2O -> Al2Si2O5 + 2 Na+ +2 HCO3- + 4 SiO2

Back 20

NaAlSi3O8 is feldspar
CO2 is Carbon Dioxide
H20 is water
Al2Si2O5 is clay
Na is Sodium
2 HCO3 is bicarbonate
SiO2 is Quartz, silicon dioxide, silica, sand, the main constituent of glass.

Front 21

Multicellular Organisms Appeared

Back 21

550 MYA

Front 22

Snowball Earth

Back 22

700 MYA in Cryogenian
(Book says .6 GA)

Front 23

Consequence of the greening of the continents

Back 23

decrease in atmospheric CO2

Front 24

LUCA

Back 24

last universal common ancestor

Front 25

SiO2

Back 25

Quartz

Front 26

2 Scientists who simulated the origin of life

Back 26

Stanley miller and Harold Urey

Front 27

largest Reservoir of carbon

Back 27

limestone, carbonate, or CaCO3

Front 28

Periodicity of the glacial events in the past 800,000 years

Back 28

100,000 years

Front 29

minerals used for climate reconstruction

Back 29

Calcite

Front 30

When did Pangea break up

Back 30

250 MYA

Front 31

Molecules found in meteorites and were produced by the miller & Urey experiment

Back 31

Amino-acids
Sugars
Nucleobases (purines and Pyrimidines

Front 32

Present day climate on Mars

Back 32

cold and dry

Front 33

The dominating group of animals during the cretaceous

Back 33

reptiles

Front 34

Organisms that can live at temperatures about 80 degrees C

Back 34

hyperthermophiles

Front 35

Organisms extinct during the KT extinction

Back 35

Dinosaurs

Front 36

Ocean Around Pangea

Back 36

Tethys

Front 37

These read the info in the RNA molecules (produced from DNA ) and use it to produce proteins

Back 37

Ribosomes

Front 38

Units for the Carbon Cycle

Back 38

10^12 kg

Front 39

Temperature of the ocean bottom water

Back 39

20 degrees C

Front 40

organisms that live at or near the freezing point of water

Back 40

psychrophiles

Front 41

An ion with a positive charge

Back 41

Cation

Front 42

Rocks formed as a result of mineral crystallization from magma

Back 42

Igneous Rocks

Front 43

Short Term Effect of volcanism

Back 43

Cooling

Front 44

Over the pst 30 MYA sedimentation in Indian Ocean has...

Back 44

Increased

Front 45

C4 Plants

Back 45

modern...grass, corn, sugar cane

Front 46

Climate in Pangea

Back 46

cold and dry

Front 47

Pangea existed __ years ago

Back 47

250 MYA

Front 48

Scientist who proposed 3 domains of life

Back 48

Woese

Front 49

CaCO3

Back 49

Calcite

Front 50

Mammals Appeared

Back 50

200 MYA

Front 51

Reservoir volume/ flux=?

Back 51

Residence Time in Years

Front 52

Size of mars compared to Earth

Back 52

Mars is 1/2 the size of Earth

Front 53

size of the KT extinction crater

Back 53

100km

Front 54

what 2 dates was atmospheric CO2 concentration low

Back 54

today/300MYA

Front 55

Trees appeared

Back 55

350 MYA

Front 56

size of the meteorite that caused KT extinction

Back 56

10km

Front 57

CH4

Back 57

Methane

Front 58

Rare element that got deposited all around the world during the KT extinction

Back 58

Iridium

Front 59

What we use to estimate the age of martian crust

Back 59

number of craters

Front 60

Describe the cretaceous oceans. (Year??)

Back 60

warm, stratified, low oxygen, high sea level 150-65MYA

Front 61

What happens to sea level when sea ice forms on oceans

Back 61

level decreases

Front 62

What Amino acids are the building block of

Back 62

Proteins

Front 63

Ardi Hominid posture

Back 63

Upright

Front 64

a ion with a negative charge

Back 64

anion

Front 65

Organisms that live in persistently dry environments

Back 65

Xerophiles

Front 66

Mars topography

Back 66

Bimodal
low altitude and smooth in N Hemisphere
High altitude, mountains, volcanoes, craters in S Hemisphere

Front 67

Lipids from

Back 67

Bilayer Membranes
Micelle
Liposomes

Front 68

time Plants colonized that land

Back 68

450 MYA

Front 69

more land in this hemisphere

Back 69

N

Front 70

water fearing part of a lipid

Back 70

hydrophobic

Front 71

C3

Back 71

trees

Front 72

ph below 3

Back 72

acidophiles

Front 73

time Plants colonized that land

Back 73

450 MYA

Front 74

more land in this hemisphere

Back 74

N

Front 75

water fearing part of a lipid

Back 75

hydrophobic

Front 76

C3

Back 76

trees

Front 77

ph below 3

Back 77

acidophiles

Front 78

Effect of the formation of the Himalyas on climate

Back 78

cooling

Front 79

Canme of the acid into which organic molecules decompose into

Back 79

carbonic acid

Front 80

time atmosphere oxygenated enough to have an ozone layer

Back 80

2 BYA

Front 81

DNA is made of

Back 81

Phosphate sugar purine (a,G) pyrimidine (T,C) Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, nucleobases, nucleotides

Front 82

volcanoes in Hawaii produce this type of lava

Back 82

extrusive

Front 83

modern human appeared

Back 83

150,000ya

Front 84

long term effect of volcanism

Back 84

warming

Front 85

Martain geologic periods

Back 85

Noachian/Hesperian/Amazonian

Front 86

KT extincation happened

Back 86

65 MYA

Front 87

This caused the rapid drop of atmospheric Co2 350-300 MYA

Back 87

land plant greening

Front 88

time Plants colonized that land

Back 88

450 MYA

Front 89

more land in this hemisphere

Back 89

N

Front 90

water fearing part of a lipid

Back 90

hydrophobic

Front 91

C3

Back 91

trees

Front 92

ph below 3

Back 92

acidophiles

Front 93

Water can be found on mars

Back 93

at poles, underground, near the equator, tiny bit in atmophere

Front 94

Older ocean basin

Back 94

Northern

Front 95

Ediacaran animal description

Back 95

leafy, jelly fish

Front 96

Co2 concentartion in the present day atmosphere complared to the cretaceous

Back 96

low

Front 97

when life orginated

Back 97

4 BYA

Front 98

stable isotopes used for climate reconstruction

Back 98

O16 or O18 or H1 or H2

Front 99

Cause of the KT extinction

Back 99

meteorite

Front 100

KT stand for?

Back 100

Cretaceous-Tertiary

Front 101

homo abilis and Homo erectus appeared when

Back 101

1.5 MYA